λέγω
Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary
Contents |
[edit] Ancient Greek
[edit] Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *leg. Cognates include Latin legō and Albanian lidh and mbledh.
[edit] Pronunciation
- (Classical): IPA: [léɡɔː]
- (Koine): IPA: [lˈɛɡo̞ː]
- (Byzantine): IPA: [lˈeɣo]
[edit] Verb
present λέγω, future: λέξω, aorist: ἔλεξα, perfect: unknown, perfect m/p: unknown, aorist passive: ἐλέχθην/ἐλεξάμην
- Ι lay down, put to sleep
- I put in order, arrange, gather
- I choose, count, reckon
- I say, speak, converse, tell a story
- (middle passive) I mean
[edit] Inflection
Present: λέγω
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | λέγω | λέγεις | λέγει | λέγετον | λέγετον | λέγομεν | λέγετε | λέγουσι(ν) |
| subjunctive | λέγω | λέγῃς | λέγῃ | λέγητον | λέγητον | λέγωμεν | λέγητε | λέγωσι(ν) | |
| optative | λέγοιμι | λέγοις | λέγοι | λέγοιτον | λεγοίτην | λέγοιμεν | λέγοιτε | λέγοιεν | |
| imperative | λέγε | λεγέτω | λέγετον | λεγέτων | λέγετε | λεγόντων | |||
| middle/
passive |
indicative | λέγομαι | λέγει/ λέγῃ |
λέγεται | λέγεσθον | λέγεσθον | λεγόμεθα | λέγεσθε | λέγονται |
| subjunctive | λέγωμαι | λέγῃ | λέγηται | λέγησθον | λέγησθον | λεγώμεθα | λέγησθε | λέγωνται | |
| optative | λεγοίμην | λέγοιο | λέγοιτο | λέγοισθον | λεγοίσθην | λεγοίμεθα | λέγοισθε | λέγοιντο | |
| imperative | λέγου | λεγέσθω | λέγεσθον | λεγέσθων | λέγεσθε | λεγέσθων | |||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||
| infinitive | λέγειν | λέγεσθαι | |||||||
| participle | λέγων , λέγουσα , λέγον | λεγόμενος , λεγομένη , λεγόμενον | |||||||
Imperfect: ἔλεγον
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imperfect | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | ἔλεγον | ἔλεγες | ἔλεγε | ἐλέγετον | ἐλεγέτην | ἐλέγομεν | ἐλέγετε | ἔλεγον |
| middle/ passive |
ἐλεγόμην | ἐλέγου | ἐλέγετο | ἐλέγεσθον | ἐλεγέσθην | ἐλεγόμεθα | ἐλέγεσθε | ἐλέγοντο | |
Future: λέξω
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| future | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | λέξω | λέξεις | λέξει | λέξετον | λέξετον | λέξομεν | λέξετε | λέξουσι(ν) |
| optative | λέξοιμι | λέξοις | λέξοι | λέξοιτον | λεξοίτην | λέξοιμεν | λέξοιτε | λέξοιεν | |
| middle | indicative | λέξομαι | λέξει/ λέξῃ |
λέξεται | λέξεσθον | λέξεσθον | λεξόμεθα | λέξεσθε | λέξονται |
| optative | λεξοίμην | λέξοιο | λέξοιτο | λέξοισθον | λεξοίσθην | λεξοίμεθα | λέξοισθε | λέξοιντο | |
| passive | indicative | λεχθήσομαι | λεχθήσει/ λεχθήσῃ |
λεχθήσεται | λεχθήσεσθον | λεχθήσεσθον | λεχθησόμεθα | λεχθήσεσθε | λεχθήσονται |
| optative | λεχθησοίμην | λεχθήσοιο | λεχθήσοιτο | λεχθήσοισθον | λεχθησοίσθην | λεχθησοίμεθα | λεχθήσοισθε | λεχθήσοιντο | |
| active | middle | passive | |||||||
| infinitive | λέξειν | λέξεσθαι | λεχθήσεσθαι | ||||||
| participle | λέξων , λέξουσα , λέξον | λεξόμενος , λεξομένη , λεξόμενον | λεχθησόμενος , λεχθησομένη , λεχθησόμενον | ||||||
Aorist: ἔλεξα
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aorist | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | ἔλεξα | ἔλεξας | ἔλεξε | ἐλέξατον | ἐλεξάτην | ἐλέξαμεν | ἐλέξατε | ἔλεξαν |
| subjunctive | λέξω | λέξῃς | λέξῃ | λέξητον | λέξητον | λέξωμεν | λέξητε | λέξωσι(ν) | |
| optative | λέξαιμι | λέξαις/ λέξειας |
λέξαι/ λέξειε |
λέξαιτον | λεξαίτην | λέξαιμεν | λέξαιτε | λέξαιεν/ λέξειαν |
|
| imperative | λέξον | λεξάτω | λέξατον | λεξάτων | λέξατε | λεξάντων | |||
| middle | indicative | ἐλεξάμην | ἐλέξω | ἐλέξατο | ἐλέξασθον | ἐλεξάσθην | ἐλεξάμεθα | ἐλέξασθε | ἐλέξαντο |
| subjunctive | λέξωμαι | λέξῃ | λέξηται | λέξησθον | λέξησθον | λεξώμεθα | λέξησθε | λέξωνται | |
| optative | λεξαίμην | λέξαιο | λέξαιτο | λέξαισθον | λεξαίσθην | λεξαίμεθα | λέξαισθε | λέξαιντο | |
| imperative | λέξαι | λεξάσθω | λέξασθον | λεξάσθων | λέξασθε | λεξάσθων | |||
| passive | indicative | ἐλέχθην | ἐλέχθης | ἐλέχθη | ἐλέχθητον | ἐλεχθήτην | ἐλέχθημεν | ἐλέχθητε | ἐλέχθησαν |
| subjunctive | λεχθῶ | λεχθῇς | λεχθῇ | λεχθῆτον | λεχθῆτον | λεχθῶμεν | λεχθῆτε | λεχθῶσι(ν) | |
| optative | λεχθείην | λεχθείης | λεχθείη | λεχθεῖτον/ λεχθείητον |
λεχθείτην/ λεχθειήτην |
λεχθεῖμεν/ λεχθείημεν |
λεχθεῖτε/ λεχθείητε |
λεχθεῖεν/ λεχθείησαν |
|
| imperative | λέχθητι | λεχθήτω | λέχθητον | λεχθήτων | λέχθητε | λεχθέντων | |||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||
| infinitive | λέξαι | λέξασθαι | λεχθῆναι | ||||||
| participle | m | λέξας | λεξάμενος | λεχθείς | |||||
| f | λέξασα | λεξαμένη | λεχθεῖσα | ||||||
| n | λέξαν | λεξάμενον | λεχθέν | ||||||
[edit] Usage notes
The first three senses of the word, as well as all tenses besides present and imperfect are generally limited to Homer and other earlier writers (although they remain in composite words such as ἀπολέγω, ἐκλέγω, and καταλέγω). For most later writers, the fourth sense is the primary one, and εἶπον is used for all tenses except present and imperfect, a situation similar to English go and be. See the Wikipedia article on suppletion.
[edit] References
Strong’s concordance number: G3004
