աղտ

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Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Armenian աղտ (ałt).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

աղտ • (aġt)

  1. dirt, filth, uncleanliness

Declension[edit]

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative աղտ (aġt) աղտեր (aġter)
dative աղտի (aġti) աղտերի (aġteri)
ablative աղտից (aġticʻ) աղտերից (aġtericʻ)
instrumental աղտով (aġtov) աղտերով (aġterov)
locative աղտում (aġtum) աղտերում (aġterum)
definite forms
nominative աղտը/աղտն (aġtə/aġtn) աղտերը/աղտերն (aġterə/aġtern)
dative աղտին (aġtin) աղտերին (aġterin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative աղտս (aġts) աղտերս (aġters)
dative աղտիս (aġtis) աղտերիս (aġteris)
ablative աղտիցս (aġticʻs) աղտերիցս (aġtericʻs)
instrumental աղտովս (aġtovs) աղտերովս (aġterovs)
locative աղտումս (aġtums) աղտերումս (aġterums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative աղտդ (aġtd) աղտերդ (aġterd)
dative աղտիդ (aġtid) աղտերիդ (aġterid)
ablative աղտիցդ (aġticʻd) աղտերիցդ (aġtericʻd)
instrumental աղտովդ (aġtovd) աղտերովդ (aġterovd)
locative աղտումդ (aġtumd) աղտերումդ (aġterumd)

Alternative forms[edit]

Old Armenian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

The origin is uncertain.

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *Hl̥-d- and cognate with Old Norse úldna (“to decay, rot”), Old High German oltar and Latin alga.

Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *sal- (“dirty, grey”) with cognates in Old Irish sal (“dirt, filth”), Old High German salo (“dirty”). See also աղօտ (ałōt).

Ačaṙean derives from Proto-Indo-European *ard-, with Ancient Greek ἄρδα (árda, “dirt”) as the only cognate. For the irregular sound change (*արտ (*art) is expected) he points to նեղ (neł), which has been compared to Old English nearu.[1][2]

There is an alternative form աղծ- (ałc-) found in compounds.

Noun[edit]

աղտ • (ałt)

  1. dirt, filth, uncleanliness (also of soul)
  2. afterbirth
Declension[edit]
o-type
singular plural
nominative աղտ (ałt) աղտք (ałtkʻ)
genitive աղտոյ (ałtoy) աղտոց (ałtocʻ)
dative աղտոյ (ałtoy) աղտոց (ałtocʻ)
accusative աղտ (ałt) աղտս (ałts)
ablative աղտոյ (ałtoy) աղտոց (ałtocʻ)
instrumental աղտով (ałtov) աղտովք (ałtovkʻ)
locative աղտ (ałt) աղտս (ałts)
i-type
singular plural
nominative աղտ (ałt) աղտք (ałtkʻ)
genitive աղտի (ałti) աղտից (ałticʻ)
dative աղտի (ałti) աղտից (ałticʻ)
accusative աղտ (ałt) աղտս (ałts)
ablative աղտէ (ałtē) աղտից (ałticʻ)
instrumental աղտիւ (ałtiw) աղտիւք (ałtiwkʻ)
locative աղտի (ałti) աղտս (ałts)
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Armenian: աղտ (aġt)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 34
  2. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “աղտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press

Further reading[edit]

  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աղտ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աղտ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “aɫt”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 39f

Etymology 2[edit]

The basic meaning is “salt deposits, salt mines, salty place”, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂ld-, enlarged from *seh₂l- (“salt”). The closest cognate is Proto-Germanic *saltą.

There is an alternative form աղծ- (ałc-) found in աղծեալ (ałceal).

Akin to Old Georgian ალდატი (aldaṭi), Georgian აღდაჭი (aɣdač̣i), Armenian borrowings.

Noun[edit]

աղտ • (ałt)

  1. salt
    ծով աղտից ― cov ałticʻ ― salt-marsh
  2. salt mine
Usage notes[edit]

Attested only in the plural.

Declension[edit]
i-type
plural only (plurale tantum)
nominative աղտք (ałtkʻ)
genitive աղտից (ałticʻ)
dative աղտից (ałticʻ)
accusative աղտս (ałts)
ablative աղտից (ałticʻ)
instrumental աղտիւք (ałtiwkʻ)
locative աղտս (ałts)
u-type
plural only (plurale tantum)
nominative աղտ (ałt)
genitive աղտուց (ałtucʻ)
dative աղտուց (ałtucʻ)
accusative աղտս (ałts)
ablative աղտուց (ałtucʻ)
instrumental աղտուք (ałtukʻ)
locative աղտս (ałts)
plural genitive-dative աղտուց (ałtucʻ) is attested in a 1235 AD inscription
Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 34
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “աղտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աղտ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “aɫt”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 40f
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աղտ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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