بد

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See also: پد

Arabic[edit]

Root
ب د د (b-d-d)

Etymology[edit]

Sense 6 is a semantic loan from Classical Persian بُت (but).

Noun[edit]

بُدّ (buddm (plural بِدَدَة (bidada) or أَبْدَاد (ʔabdād))

  1. escape, means of avoiding something
    لَا بُدَّ مِن كَذَا
    lā budda min kaḏā
    there is no avoiding such a thing, such a thing is inevitable
  2. flight
  3. separation
  4. part, portion
  5. equivalent, substitute
  6. idol

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

Khalaj[edit]

Adjective[edit]

بَد (bəd)

  1. Arabic spelling of bəd (evil)

North Levantine Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic بِوِدِّ (biwiddi).

Preposition[edit]

بد (badd, bidd)

  1. want to
    بدي شوفك كل يوم، يا حبيبي
    Baddi šūfak kill yōm, ya ḥabībi.
    I want to see you every day, my dear.
  2. should; need
    شو بدنا نئللو؟
    Šu badna nʾil-lu?
    What should we tell him?

Usage notes[edit]

  • The past is formed by adding كان (kēn), which originally would be left unchanged, but is now equally commonly conjugated. Thus: كان بدي شوفك (kēn baddi šūfak) or كنت بدي شوفك (kint baddi šūfak), both “I wanted to see you.”

Ottoman Turkish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Persian بد (bad).

Adjective[edit]

بد (bed)

  1. bad

Pashto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /bəd/
  • (file)

Adjective[edit]

بد (bəd)

  1. bad

Declension[edit]

Adverb[edit]

بد (bad)

  1. badly

Persian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (SLYA) / [script needed] (wt' /⁠wad⁠/, bad, evil), from Proto-Iranian *watah, with further origin uncertain. Akin to Old Armenian վատ (vat), an Iranian borrowing. Unrelated to English bad, despite phonetic and semantic similarity.

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? baḏ
Dari reading? bad
Iranian reading? bad
Tajik reading? bad

Adjective[edit]

Dari بد
Iranian Persian
Tajik бад

بَد (bad) (comparative بَدتَر (bad-tar), superlative بَدتَرین (bad-tarin))

  1. bad; not good
  2. evil
Antonyms[edit]

Adverb[edit]

بَد (bad)

  1. poorly, badly
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Azerbaijani: bəd
  • Bengali: বদ (bod)
  • Hindi: बद (bad)
  • Khalaj: bəd
  • Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਬਦ (bad)
    Shahmukhi script: بد (bad)

References[edit]

  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “wad”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 85
  • Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 46

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Persian -pt' (-bed), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pátiš (compare Old Armenian պետ (pet), an Iranian borrowing), from Proto-Indo-European *pótis (master).

Noun[edit]

بد (-bad, -bed, -bod)

  1. lord, master

References[edit]

South Levantine Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic بِوِدِّ (biwiddi).

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

بدّ (bidd-)

  1. (false verb) to want
    Synonym: حبّ (ḥabb)
    بدّك قهوة؟
    biddak ʔahwe?
    Do you want some coffee?
    بدي أشوفك كل يوم يا حبيبي.
    biddi ʔašūfak kull yōm ya ḥabībi.
    I want to see you every day, my dear.
  2. (false verb, by extension) to need
    Synonym: احتاج (iḥtāj)
    ابني مريض كتير وبدّه دوا ضروري.
    ibni marīḍ ktīr w biddo dawa ḍurūri.
    My son is very sick and needs medicine.
    (literally, “My son is very sick and wants medicine necessarily.”)
  3. (auxiliary) will, going to
    Synonym: رح (raḥ)
    بدي أمرق لعنده بكرة.
    biddi ʔamroʔ la-ʕindo bukra.
    I'm going to go to his house tomorrow.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Similar to terms like عند (ʕind, to have), the term بدّ (bidd) is "conjugated" with enclitic pronouns. Unlike عند (ʕind), however, بدّ (bidd) has no inherent meaning and can never be used entirely by itself.

Inflection[edit]

    Inflected forms of بد
Base form بدّ (bidd)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms
singular plural
m f
1st person بدّي (biddi) بدنا (bidna)
2nd person بدّك (biddak) بدّك (biddek) بدكم (bidkom)
3rd person بدّه (biddo) بدها (bidha) بدهم (bidhom)

Urdu[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Classical Persian بد (bad). Unrelated to English bad.

Adjective[edit]

بد (bad) (Hindi spelling बद)

  1. bad
  2. evil
  3. wicked
  4. inauspicious

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Sanskrit वृन्ध (vṛndha).

Noun[edit]

بد (badm (Hindi spelling बद)

  1. bubo