تبع

See also: ت ب ع

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ت ب ع (t-b-ʕ)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.bi.ʕa/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

تَبِعَ • (tabiʕa) I, non-past يَتْبَعُ‎ (yatbaʕu)

1. to follow

Conjugation

Conjugation of

تَبِعَ

(form-I sound, verbal nouns تَبَع or تَبَاعَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						تَبَع or تَبَاعَة tabaʕ or tabāʕa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						تَابِع tābiʕ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَتْبُوع matbūʕ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَبِعْتُ tabiʕtu	تَبِعْتَ tabiʕta	تَبِعَ tabiʕa		تَبِعْتُمَا tabiʕtumā	تَبِعَا tabiʕā		تَبِعْنَا tabiʕnā	تَبِعْتُمْ tabiʕtum	تَبِعُوا tabiʕū
	f		تَبِعْتِ tabiʕti	تَبِعَتْ tabiʕat			تَبِعَتَا tabiʕatā			تَبِعْتُنَّ tabiʕtunna	تَبِعْنَ tabiʕna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَتْبَعُ ʔatbaʕu	تَتْبَعُ tatbaʕu	يَتْبَعُ yatbaʕu		تَتْبَعَانِ tatbaʕāni	يَتْبَعَانِ yatbaʕāni		نَتْبَعُ natbaʕu	تَتْبَعُونَ tatbaʕūna	يَتْبَعُونَ yatbaʕūna
	f		تَتْبَعِينَ tatbaʕīna	تَتْبَعُ tatbaʕu			تَتْبَعَانِ tatbaʕāni			تَتْبَعْنَ tatbaʕna	يَتْبَعْنَ yatbaʕna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَتْبَعَ ʔatbaʕa	تَتْبَعَ tatbaʕa	يَتْبَعَ yatbaʕa		تَتْبَعَا tatbaʕā	يَتْبَعَا yatbaʕā		نَتْبَعَ natbaʕa	تَتْبَعُوا tatbaʕū	يَتْبَعُوا yatbaʕū
	f		تَتْبَعِي tatbaʕī	تَتْبَعَ tatbaʕa			تَتْبَعَا tatbaʕā			تَتْبَعْنَ tatbaʕna	يَتْبَعْنَ yatbaʕna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَتْبَعْ ʔatbaʕ	تَتْبَعْ tatbaʕ	يَتْبَعْ yatbaʕ		تَتْبَعَا tatbaʕā	يَتْبَعَا yatbaʕā		نَتْبَعْ natbaʕ	تَتْبَعُوا tatbaʕū	يَتْبَعُوا yatbaʕū
	f		تَتْبَعِي tatbaʕī	تَتْبَعْ tatbaʕ			تَتْبَعَا tatbaʕā			تَتْبَعْنَ tatbaʕna	يَتْبَعْنَ yatbaʕna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِتْبَعْ itbaʕ			اِتْبَعَا itbaʕā				اِتْبَعُوا itbaʕū
	f		اِتْبَعِي itbaʕī							اِتْبَعْنَ itbaʕna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تُبِعْتُ tubiʕtu	تُبِعْتَ tubiʕta	تُبِعَ tubiʕa		تُبِعْتُمَا tubiʕtumā	تُبِعَا tubiʕā		تُبِعْنَا tubiʕnā	تُبِعْتُمْ tubiʕtum	تُبِعُوا tubiʕū
	f		تُبِعْتِ tubiʕti	تُبِعَتْ tubiʕat			تُبِعَتَا tubiʕatā			تُبِعْتُنَّ tubiʕtunna	تُبِعْنَ tubiʕna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُتْبَعُ ʔutbaʕu	تُتْبَعُ tutbaʕu	يُتْبَعُ yutbaʕu		تُتْبَعَانِ tutbaʕāni	يُتْبَعَانِ yutbaʕāni		نُتْبَعُ nutbaʕu	تُتْبَعُونَ tutbaʕūna	يُتْبَعُونَ yutbaʕūna
	f		تُتْبَعِينَ tutbaʕīna	تُتْبَعُ tutbaʕu			تُتْبَعَانِ tutbaʕāni			تُتْبَعْنَ tutbaʕna	يُتْبَعْنَ yutbaʕna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُتْبَعَ ʔutbaʕa	تُتْبَعَ tutbaʕa	يُتْبَعَ yutbaʕa		تُتْبَعَا tutbaʕā	يُتْبَعَا yutbaʕā		نُتْبَعَ nutbaʕa	تُتْبَعُوا tutbaʕū	يُتْبَعُوا yutbaʕū
	f		تُتْبَعِي tutbaʕī	تُتْبَعَ tutbaʕa			تُتْبَعَا tutbaʕā			تُتْبَعْنَ tutbaʕna	يُتْبَعْنَ yutbaʕna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُتْبَعْ ʔutbaʕ	تُتْبَعْ tutbaʕ	يُتْبَعْ yutbaʕ		تُتْبَعَا tutbaʕā	يُتْبَعَا yutbaʕā		نُتْبَعْ nutbaʕ	تُتْبَعُوا tutbaʕū	يُتْبَعُوا yutbaʕū
	f		تُتْبَعِي tutbaʕī	تُتْبَعْ tutbaʕ			تُتْبَعَا tutbaʕā			تُتْبَعْنَ tutbaʕna	يُتْبَعْنَ yutbaʕna

See also

• Form III: تَابِع (tābiʕ)

Etymology 2

Noun

تَبَع • (tabaʕ) m

1. verbal noun of تَبِعَ (tabiʕa) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun تَبَع (tabaʕ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَبَع tabaʕ	التَّبَع at-tabaʕ	تَبَع tabaʕ
Nominative	تَبَعٌ tabaʕun	التَّبَعُ at-tabaʕu	تَبَعُ tabaʕu
Accusative	تَبَعًا tabaʕan	التَّبَعَ at-tabaʕa	تَبَعَ tabaʕa
Genitive	تَبَعٍ tabaʕin	التَّبَعِ at-tabaʕi	تَبَعِ tabaʕi

Noun

تَبَع • (tabaʕ) m (collective, singulative تَبَع m (tabaʕ) or تَبَعِيّ m (tabaʕiyy), plural أَتْبَاع (ʔatbāʕ))

1. follower(s)

Declension

Declension of noun تَبَع (tabaʕ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَبَع tabaʕ	التَّبَع at-tabaʕ	تَبَع tabaʕ
Nominative	تَبَعٌ tabaʕun	التَّبَعُ at-tabaʕu	تَبَعُ tabaʕu
Accusative	تَبَعًا tabaʕan	التَّبَعَ at-tabaʕa	تَبَعَ tabaʕa
Genitive	تَبَعٍ tabaʕin	التَّبَعِ at-tabaʕi	تَبَعِ tabaʕi

Etymology 3

Uncertain. Lane claims that it is from the root ت ب ع (t-b-ʕ), in reference to how when one king died, his successor would follow his policies. The unusual plural pattern suggests a borrowing from Old South Arabian, but the cognate root in those languages likely has the same meaning of "follow", and is only attested in theophoric names.

Noun

تُبَّع • (tubbaʕ) m (plural تَبَابِعَة (tabābiʕa))

1. a king in ancient Yemen; the ruler of Himyar and Hadramawt

Declension

Declension of noun تُبَّع (tubbaʕ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُبَّع tubbaʕ	التُّبَّع at-tubbaʕ	تُبَّع tubbaʕ
Nominative	تُبَّعٌ tubbaʕun	التُّبَّعُ at-tubbaʕu	تُبَّعُ tubbaʕu
Accusative	تُبَّعًا tubbaʕan	التُّبَّعَ at-tubbaʕa	تُبَّعَ tubbaʕa
Genitive	تُبَّعٍ tubbaʕin	التُّبَّعِ at-tubbaʕi	تُبَّعِ tubbaʕi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُبَّعَيْن tubbaʕayn	التُّبَّعَيْن at-tubbaʕayn	تُبَّعَيْ tubbaʕay
Nominative	تُبَّعَانِ tubbaʕāni	التُّبَّعَانِ at-tubbaʕāni	تُبَّعَا tubbaʕā
Accusative	تُبَّعَيْنِ tubbaʕayni	التُّبَّعَيْنِ at-tubbaʕayni	تُبَّعَيْ tubbaʕay
Genitive	تُبَّعَيْنِ tubbaʕayni	التُّبَّعَيْنِ at-tubbaʕayni	تُبَّعَيْ tubbaʕay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَبَابِعَة tabābiʕa	التَّبَابِعَة at-tabābiʕa	تَبَابِعَة tabābiʕat
Nominative	تَبَابِعَةٌ tabābiʕatun	التَّبَابِعَةُ at-tabābiʕatu	تَبَابِعَةُ tabābiʕatu
Accusative	تَبَابِعَةً tabābiʕatan	التَّبَابِعَةَ at-tabābiʕata	تَبَابِعَةَ tabābiʕata
Genitive	تَبَابِعَةٍ tabābiʕatin	التَّبَابِعَةِ at-tabābiʕati	تَبَابِعَةِ tabābiʕati

Etymology 4

Verb

تَبِعْ • (tabiʕ) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)

Verb

تُبَعْ • (tubaʕ) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of بَاعَ (bāʕa)

References

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎^[1] (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 25
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “تبع”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 293a–b
• van Putten, Marijn (2020), "Classical and Modern Standard Arabic", in Arabic and Contact-induced Change (eds. Manfredi and Lucas)

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Grammaticalized from Arabic تَبَع (tabaʕ). The feminine form is from Arabic تَبَعِيّ (tabaʕiyy).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.baʕ/

Preposition

تبع • (tabaʿ) m or f or pl (feminine تبعيت (tabʿīt; (rare) tabʿiyyit) or تبعت (tabʿit), plural تَبعُول (tabʿūl), feminine plural (less common) تبعولات (tabʿūlāt))

1. forms possessive pronouns of all persons with the respective personal suffixes

   هيدي تبعيتي

   haydi tabʿīti.

   This one is mine.

2. of; used appositively after a noun instead of an ordinary possessive iḍāfa construction

   هيدي التنورة تبعيت إمي

   haydi t-tannūra tabʿīt ʾimmi

   This is my mother’s skirt.

   بَدِّي إستعمل الكمبيوتر تبعكن

   baddi ʾistaʿmil l-kumpyūtar tabaʿkun

   I need to use your computer.

Usage notes

• The latter construction is particularly common with foreign nouns, as in the example, or with proper nouns. The reason is that adding personal suffixes to these, though perfectly possible, may sound awkward.
• Some speakers do not inflect the word for gender or number.

Synonyms

• تَبْعُول (tabʕūl)
• تَاع (tāʕ)
• تَعُول (taʕūl)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ت ب ع
1 term

Etymology 1

Grammaticalized from Arabic تَبَع (tabaʕ).

Alternative forms

• تاع (tāʕ)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.baʕ/, [ˈta.baʕ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Preposition

تبع • (tabaʕ) m (feminine تبعة (tabʕa), plural تبعون (tabʕūn))

1. forms possessive pronouns of all persons with the respective personal suffixes

   هادي تبعتي.

   hādi tabaʕti

   This one is mine.

2. of; used appositively after a noun instead of an ordinary possessive iḍāfa construction

   هادي التنّورة تبعة إمّي.

   hādi t-tannūra tabaʕt ʔimmi

   This is my mother’s skirt.

   بدَي أستعمل الكمبيوتر تبعكم.

   biddi ʔastaʕmel l-kambyūtar tabaʕkom

   I need to use your computer.

Usage notes

• The latter construction is particularly common with foreign nouns, as in the example, or with proper nouns. The reason is that adding personal suffixes to these, though perfectly possible, may sound awkward.
• Some speakers do not inflect the word for gender or number.

Inflection

Inflected forms of تبع
Base form					تبع (tabaʕ)
Personal-pronoun- including forms		singular		plural
		m	f
1st person		تبعي (tabaʕi)		تبعنا (tabaʕna)
2nd person		تبعك (tabaʕak)	تبعك (tabaʕek)	تبعكم (tabaʕkom)
3rd person		تبعه (tabaʕo)	تبعها (tabaʕha)	تبعهم (tabaʕhom)

Etymology 2

From Arabic تَبِعَ (tabiʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.baʕ/, [ˈta.baʕ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

تبع • (tabaʕ) I (present بتبع (bitbaʕ), active participle تابع (tābeʕ))

1. (formal) to follow

   Synonym: لاحق (lāḥaʔ)

2. (by extension) to depend on, to be a matter of

   هادا تابع لذوق الواحد.

   hāda tābeʕ la-zōʔ il-wāḥad

   It's a matter of individual taste.

Conjugation

Conjugation of تبع (tabaʕ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	تبعت (tabaʕt)	تبعت (tabaʕt)	تبع (tabaʕ)		تبعنا (tabaʕna)	تبعتو (tabaʕtu)	تبعو (tabaʕu)
	f		تبعتي (tabaʕti)	تبعت (tabʕat)
present	m	بتبع (batbaʕ)	بتتبع (btitbaʕ)	بتبع (bitbaʕ)		منتبع (mnitbaʕ)	بتتبعو (btitbaʕu)	بتبعو (bitbaʕu)
	f		بتتبعي (btitbaʕi)	بتتبع (btitbaʕ)
subjunctive	m	أتبع (ʔatbaʕ)	تتبع (titbaʕ)	يتبع (yitbaʕ)		نتبع (nitbaʕ)	تتبعو (titbaʕu)	يتبعو (yitbaʕu)
	f		تتبعي (titbaʕi)	تتبع (titbaʕ)
imperative	m		اتبع (itbaʕ)				اتبعو (itbaʕu)
	f		اتبعي (itbaʕi)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tab.baʕ/, [ˈtab.baʕ]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Verb

تبّع • (tabbaʕ) II (present بتبّع (bitabbeʕ))

1. to keep track
2. to follow up (+ مع)

Conjugation

Conjugation of تبّع (tabbaʕ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	تبّعت (tabbaʕt)	تبّعت (tabbaʕt)	تبّع (tabbaʕ)		تبّعنا (tabbaʕna)	تبّعتو (tabbaʕtu)	تبّعو (tabbaʕu)
	f		تبّعتي (tabbaʕti)	تبّعت (tabbaʕat)
present	m	بتبّع (batabbeʕ)	بتتبّع (bittabbeʕ)	بتبّع (bitabbeʕ)		منتبّع (mintabbeʕ)	بتتبّعو (bittabbʕu)	بتبّعو (bitabbʕu)
	f		بتتبّعي (bittabbʕi)	بتتبّع (bittabbeʕ)
subjunctive	m	اتبّع (atabbeʕ)	تتبّع (ttabbeʕ)	يتبّع (ytabbeʕ)		نتبّع (ntabbeʕ)	تتبّعو (ttabbʕu)	يتبّعو (ytabbʕu)
	f		تتبّعي (ttabbʕi)	تتبّع (ttabbeʕ)
imperative	m		تبّع (tabbeʕ)				تبّعو (tabbʕu)
	f		تبّعي (tabbʕi)