شہر

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See also: شهر and سہر

Punjabi[edit]

Western Panjabi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pnb

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهر (šahr).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

شَہِر or شَہَر • (śahir or śahar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਹਿਰ)

  1. city (urban area)
    اَسِیں شَہَر توں آئے آں۔
    asīṉ śahar toṉ ā'e āṉ.
    We've come from the city.

Declension[edit]

Declension of شہر
dir. sg. شَہِر (śahir)
dir. pl. شَہِر (śahir)
singular plural
direct شَہِر (śahir) شَہِر (śahir)
oblique شَہِر (śahir) شَہِراں (śahirāṉ)
vocative شَہِرا (śahirā) شَہِرو (śahiro)
ablative شَہِروں (śahiroṉ) —
locative شَہِرے (śahire) شَہِرِیں (śahirīṉ)
instrumental شَہِرے (śahire) شَہِرِیں (śahirīṉ)

References[edit]

  • “شہر”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “شہر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Urdu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهر (šahr), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štʿy /⁠šahr⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *xšaθram (likely through Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra, “kingdom”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to attain”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatrá, “dominion, kingdom”), and Parthian 𐭇𐭔𐭕𐭓 (ḥštr /⁠xšahr⁠/). Doublet of کھاتا (khātā).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

شَہْر • (śahr) m (Hindi spelling शहर)

  1. city (urban area)
  2. (loosely) town
    Synonym: نگر (nagar)

Declension[edit]

Declension of شہر
singular plural
direct شہر (śahr) شہر (śahr)
oblique شہر (śahr) شہروں (śahrō̃)
vocative شہر (śahr) شہرو (śahrō)

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • “شہر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “شہر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شہر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
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