ܐܫܬܩܕ

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

• ܐܫܬܩܕܝ (ʾeštǝqaḏ[y])

Etymology

From Akkadian 𒈬𒅎𒈠 (šaddaqdim), from 𒈬 (šattum, “year”) + 𒂵𒀜𒈬𒌝 (qadmum, “early, before”). Compare Hebrew אֶשְׁתָּקַד (eshtakád, ʾeštāqaḏ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʔɛʃ.t(ə.)qað]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʔɪʃ.tqað]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʔeʃˈtqɑð]

Adverb

ܐܫܬܩܕ • (ʾeštǝqaḏ)

1. last year
   • Peshitta, 2 Corinthians 9:2:

     ܝܕܥ ܐܢܐ ܓܝܪ ܛܘܝܒܗ ܕܪܥܝܢܟܘܢ. ܘܡܛܠ ܗܢܐ ܐܫܬܒܗܪܬ ܒܟܘܢ ܠܡܩܕ̈ܘܢܝܐ. ܕܐܟܐܝܐ ܥܬܝܕܐ ܗܝ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܫܬܩܕܝ

     yāḏaʿ [ʾĕ]nā ḡêr ṭūyyāḇēh ḏə-reʿyānəḵōn, wə-meṭṭol hānā ʾeštaḇhərēṯ bəḵōn lə-māqēḏōnāyē, də-ʾāḵāʾīā ʿəṯīḏā-y men ʾeštǝqaḏ[y]

     For I know the forwardness of your mind, for which I boast of you to them of Macedonia, that Achaia was ready a year ago

Descendants

• → Mishnaic Hebrew: אֶשְׁתָּקַד (ʾɛštɔqaḏ)
  • Israeli Hebrew: אֶשְׁתָּקַד (eshtakád)

See also

• ܡܢܚܝ (manḥay)

References

• “ˀštqd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-10-06
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 21a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 31b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 109a