ܓܒܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܓ ܒ ܪ (g b r)
4 terms

Etymology 1

From Aramaic גַּבְרָא (gaḇrā), from Proto-West Semitic *gabr-; compare Arabic جَبْر (jabr) and Hebrew גֶּבֶר (géver). Doublet of ܓܘܼܪܵܐ (gūrā, “large”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡo.rɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ɡoːrˤɑː]
• (Tyari) IPA^(key): [ɡaw.rɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒav.rɑː]

Noun

ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ • (gaḇrā) m (plural ܓܲܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ (gaḇrē) or ܓܘܼܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ (guḇrē) or ܓܘܼܒ݂ܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ (guḇrānē), feminine ܒܲܟ݂ܬܵܐ (baḵtā))

1. man (adult human male)

   ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܚܲܟܝܼܡܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܥܲܡ ܥܘܼܬܪܹܗ. ― gaḇrā ḥakīmā ìwā ˁam ˁutrēh. ― He was a wise man with his wealth.

2. husband (male spouse)

   ܟܹܐ ܦܵܠܚܹܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܥܲܡ ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܕܫܲܡܝܼܪܵܡ. ― kē pālḥēn wā ˁam gaḇrā dšamīrām. ― I used to work with Shamiram's husband.

Usage notes

The plural ܓܘܼܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ (guḇrē) is used for the sense of men while the plural ܓܘܼܒ݂ܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ (guḇrānē) is used for the sense of husbands.

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ (gaḇrā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܝܼ (gaḇrī)		ܓܲܒ݂ܪܲܢ (gaḇran)
	construct	ܓܒ݂ܲܪ (gḇar)	2nd person	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܘܼܟ݂ (gaḇrūḵ)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܟ݂ܝ (gaḇrāḵ)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gaḇrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ (gaḇrā)	3rd person	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܹܗ (gaḇrēh)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܘܿܗ̇ (gaḇrōh)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܗܘܿܢ (gaḇrhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܝܼ (gaḇrī)		ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܲܢ (gaḇran)
	construct	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܲܝ (gaḇray)	2nd person	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (gaḇrūḵ)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (gaḇrāḵ)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gaḇrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܲܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ (gaḇrē)	3rd person	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ (gaḇrūh)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (gaḇrōh)	ܓܲܒ݂ܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ (gaḇrhōn)

Coordinate terms

• (gender, marital status): ܒܲܟ݂ܬܵܐ (baḵtā)
• (age): ܝܵܠܵܕ݇ܐ (yālā)

Etymology 2

Active noun of the verb ܓܵܒ݂ܹܪ (gāḇēr, “to get married”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡavvaːraː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ɡawaːra]

Noun

ܓܲܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ • (gaḇārā) m (plural ܓܲܒ݂ܵܪܹ̈ܐ (gaḇārē), feminine ܓܲܒ݂ܵܪܬܵܐ (gaḇārtā))

1. one who marries, about to marry, set to marry

References

• “ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 October 11 (last accessed)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܓ-ܒ-ܪ (ɡ-b-r) related to being strong. From Proto-West Semitic *gabr-; compare Aramaic גַּבְרָא (gaḇrā, “man”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡavrɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ɡavre] (plural)

Noun

ܓܒܪܐ • (gaḇrā) m (plural ܓܒܪܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܐܢܬܬܐ)

1. man, husband
2. person, someone

Inflection

    inflection of ܓܒܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܒܪ	ܓܒܪܝܢ
construct	ܓܒܪ	ܓܒܪܝ
emphatic	ܓܒܪܐ	ܓܒܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܒܪܝ	ܓܒܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܒܪܟ	ܓܒܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܒܪܟܝ	ܓܒܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܒܪܗ	ܓܒܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܒܪܗ	ܓܒܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܒܪܢ	ܓܒܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܒܪܟܘܢ	ܓܒܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܒܪܟܝܢ	ܓܒܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܒܪܗܘܢ	ܓܒܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܒܪܗܝܢ	ܓܒܪܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Proto-Kurdish: (“big; chief; elder, senior; grown-up, adult; venerable”)

  • Central Kurdish: گەورە (gewre)

    Southern Kurdish: گەورە (gewre), گەورا (gewra)

• → Middle Persian:

  • Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (GBRA /⁠*garbā; mard⁠/)

    • Persian: گبر (gabr) (see there for further descendants)

See also

• ܐܢܫܐ
• ܓܢܒܪܐ

References

• “gbr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 41b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 59b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 202a-b