ܗܝ
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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Aramaic הִיא (hī), from Proto-Semitic *šiʔa; compare Arabic هِيَ (hiya), Hebrew הִיא (hi) and Akkadian 𒅆𒄿 (šī).
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ܗ̇ܝ • (aya) f sg (masculine ܗ̇ܘ (awa), masculine plural ܗܸܢܘܿܢ (hinōn), feminine plural ܗܸܢܹܝܢ (hinnēn))
- (personal) she, it
- (intensive) she herself, it itself
- (demonstrative) that
- sometimes used somewhat like a definite article; the
Usage notes[edit]
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic does not have a neuter gender. The sense of “it” comes when translating Assyrian inanimate nouns that are grammatically feminine into English inanimate nouns that are usually neuter.
- As an intensive pronoun, ܗ̇ܝ (aya) must come before the noun it describes.
Derived terms[edit]
- ܗܝܼܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (hīyāyūṯā, “identity”)
- ܗܝܼܟ݂ܲܕ݂ܗܝܼܵܝܵܐ (hīḵaḏhīyāyā, “identical”)
See also[edit]
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic personal pronouns
Isolated nominative pronouns | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
1st person | ܐܵܢܵܐ (ānā) | ܐܲܚܢܲܢ (aḥnan) | ||
2nd person | m | ܐܲܢ݇ܬ (at) | ܐܲܢ݇ܬܘܿܢ (atōn) | |
f | ܐܲܢ݇ܬܝ (at) | ܐܲܢ݇ܬܹܝܢ (attēn) | ||
3rd person | m | ܗ̇ܘ (awa) | ܗܸܢܘܿܢ (hinōn) | |
f | ܗ̇ܝ (aya) | ܗܸܢܹܝܢ (hinnēn) | ||
Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns | ||||
singular | plural | |||
1st person | -ܝܼ (-ī) | -ܲܢ (-an) | ||
2nd person | m | -ܘܼܟ݂ (-ūḵ) | -ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (-āwḵōn) | |
f | -ܵܟ݂ܝ (-āḵ) | |||
3rd person | m | -ܹܗ (-ēh); -ܘܼܗܝ (-ūh) | -ܗܘܿܢ (-hōn) | |
f | -ܵܗ̇ (-āh); -ܘܿܗ̇ (-ōh) |
Classical Syriac[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Semitic *šiʔa.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
ܗܝ • (hī) f (plural ܗܢܝܢ, masculine singular ܗܘ, masculine plural ܗܢܘܢ)
- (personal) she, it
- (intensive) she herself, it itself
- sometimes used somewhat like a definite article; the
Usage notes[edit]
- Syriac does not have a neuter gender. The sense of "it" comes when translating Syriac inanimate nouns that are grammatically feminine into English inanimate nouns that are usually neuter.
- As an intensive pronoun, ܗܝ (hī) must come before the noun it describes.
Etymology 2[edit]
Modified from above, with the initial consonant quiescing.
Alternative forms[edit]
- -ܝ (-y)
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): [-(ʔ)i] (after a word ending in a consonant)
- IPA(key): [-j] (after a word ending in a vowel, forming a diphthong)
Pronoun[edit]
ܗܝ • ([h]ī, -y) f (plural ܐܢܝܢ, feminine singular ܗܘ, feminine plural ܐܢܘܢ)
- an enclitic used as a copula for a third-person singular feminine subject; she is, it is
- (with a preceding first- or second-person singular pronoun) an enclitic used as a copula for a singular feminine subject; (I) am, (you) are
Usage notes[edit]
- Usually, the form ܗܝ ([h]ī) is written separately from the word it follows while the alternative form -ܝ (-y) is written together with the word it follows.
See also[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
ܗܝ • (hāy) f (plural ܗܢܝܢ, singular masculine counterpart ܗܘ, plural masculine counterpart ܗܢܘܢ)
- (demonstrative) that
Usage notes[edit]
- As an attributive adjective, ܗܝ (hāy) can come either before or after the noun it describes without any change in meaning.
Pronoun[edit]
ܗܝ • (hāy) f (plural ܗܢܝܢ, masculine singular ܗܘ, masculine plural ܗܢܘܢ)
Usage notes[edit]
- The sense of the definite article "the" is used especially when translating Ancient Greek texts, being the equivalent of the Ancient Greek feminine singular definite article ἡ (hē).
References[edit]
- “hy”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-06-11
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 74a-b
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 103a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 339b
Categories:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms inherited from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic pronouns
- Classical Syriac terms inherited from Proto-Semitic
- Classical Syriac terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Classical Syriac terms with IPA pronunciation
- Classical Syriac lemmas
- Classical Syriac pronouns
- Classical Syriac adjectives
- Classical Syriac clitics