ܙܘܓܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Alternative forms

• ܙܵܘܓ݂ܵܐ (zāwḡā)

Etymology

Root
ܙ ܘ ܓ (z w g)
4 terms

From Aramaic זַוְגָּא (zawgā), from Ancient Greek ζεῦγος (zeûgos), from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (“yoke”); compare also borrowed into Arabic زَوْج (zawj) and Hebrew זוּג (zug).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [zɑwɡɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [zoʔa]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [zoːd͡ʒɑː]

Noun

ܙܵܘܓܵܐ • (zāwgā) m sg (plural ܙܵܘܓܹ̈ܐ (zāwgē))

1. yoke

   Synonym: ܢܝܼܪܵܐ (nīrā)

2. pair, couple, twosome
3. (poker) pair, two-of-a-kind
4. (grammar) conjugation

   Synonym: ܣܘܼܪܥܵܦܵܐ (surˁāpā)

5. (linguistics) two-stem compound word

Inflection

Inflection of ܙܵܘܓܵܐ (zāwgā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܵܘܓܝܼ (zāwgī)		ܙܵܘܓܲܢ (zāwgan)
	construct	ܙܘܿܓ݂ (zōḡ)	2nd person	ܙܵܘܓܘܼܟ݂ (zāwgūḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܟ݂ܝ (zāwgāḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zāwgāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܵܘܓܵܐ (zāwgā)	3rd person	ܙܵܘܓܹܗ (zāwgēh)	ܙܵܘܓܵܗ̇ (zāwgāh)	ܙܵܘܓܗܘܿܢ (zāwghōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܙܵܘܓܝܼ̈ (zāwgī)		ܙܵܘܓܲܢ̈ (zāwgan)
	construct	ܙܵܘܓܲܝ̈ (zāwgay)	2nd person	ܙܵܘܓܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (zāwgūḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (zāwgāḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zāwgāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܵܘܓܹ̈ܐ (zāwgē)	3rd person	ܙܵܘܓܘܼ̈ܗܝ (zāwgūh)	ܙܵܘܓ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (zāwgōh)	ܙܵܘܓܗ̈ܘܿܢ (zāwghōn)

Derived terms

• ܒܲܪ ܙܵܘܓܵܐ (bar zāwgā, “spouse, partner”)
• ܙܵܘܓܵܢܵܝܵܐ (zāwgānāyā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ζυγόν (zugón) or ζεῦγος (zeûgos), from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (“yoke”). Compare Arabic زَوْج (zawj) and Hebrew זוּג (zûḡ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zawɡɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [zawɡe] (plural)

Noun

ܙܘܓܐ • (zawgā) m (plural ܙܘܓܐ)

1. yoke, pair, couple
2. two-horse chariot
3. two-layered garment
4. balance, scale

   Synonym: ܡܣܐܬܐ

5. (arithmetic) even number

   Antonyms: ܐܦܙܓܐ (ʾāp̄azgā, ʾāp̄zəḡā), ܦܪܐ (pārā)

6. (grammar) conjugation
7. (linguistics) two-stem compound word

Inflection

    inflection of ܙܘܓܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܙܘܓ	ܙܘܓܝܢ
construct	ܙܘܓ	ܙܘܓܝ
emphatic	ܙܘܓܐ	ܙܘܓܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܙܘܓܝ	ܙܘܓܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܙܘܓܟ	ܙܘܓܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܙܘܓܟܝ	ܙܘܓܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܙܘܓܗ	ܙܘܓܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܙܘܓܗ	ܙܘܓܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܙܘܓܢ	ܙܘܓܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܙܘܓܟܘܢ	ܙܘܓܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܙܘܓܟܝܢ	ܙܘܓܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܙܘܓܗܘܢ	ܙܘܓܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܙܘܓܗܝܢ	ܙܘܓܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Old Armenian: զոյգ (zoyg)
  • Middle Armenian: զոյգ (zoyg), զուգ (zug), զուկ (zuk)
    • Armenian: զույգ (zuyg) — literary, զօգՙ (zōgʿ) — Kharberd, զըՙք (zəʿkʿ) — Zeitun
  • → Old Georgian: ზოგი (zogi)
    • Georgian: ზოგი (zogi)
  • → Northern Kurdish: zoq
• → Arabic: زَوْج (zawj)

References

• “zwg”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-14
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 85b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 111b-112a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 369b-370a