ܚܟܡܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܚ ܟ ܡ (ḥ k m)
3 terms

Etymology

From Aramaic חֵכמְּתָא (ḥeḵməṯā); compare Hebrew חָכְמָה (khokhmá) and Arabic حِكْمَة (ḥikma).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ˈxɪx.məθɑː]

Noun

ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܵܐ • (ḥiḵmṯā) f sg (plural ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬܹ̈ܐ (ḥiḵmātē))

1. wisdom, knowledge, science, philosophy
2. counsel, judgement
3. scheme, plan
4. expertness, skill, art

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥiḵmṯā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܝܼ (ḥiḵmṯī)		ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܲܢ (ḥiḵmṯan)
	construct	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܲܬ݂ (ḥiḵmaṯ)	2nd person	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ḥiḵmṯūḵ)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥiḵmṯāḵ)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥiḵmṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥiḵmṯā)	3rd person	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܹܗ (ḥiḵmṯēh)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ḥiḵmṯāh)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ḥiḵmṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (ḥiḵmāṯī)		ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (ḥiḵmāṯan)
	construct	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂̈ (ḥiḵmāṯ)	2nd person	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥiḵmāṯūḵ)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥiḵmāṯāḵ)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥiḵmāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (ḥiḵmāṯē)	3rd person	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥiḵmāṯūh)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥiḵmāṯōh)	ܚܸܟ݂ܡܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ḥiḵmāṯhōn)

Derived terms

• ܪܵܚܹܡ ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬܵܐ (rāḥēm ḥiḵmtā, “philosopher”, literally “lover of wisdom”)
• ܚܸܟ݂ܡܬܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ḥiḵmtānāyā, “philosophical”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܚ-ܟ-ܡ (ḥ-k-m) related to wisdom; compare Hebrew חָכְמָה (ḥoḵmâ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈħɛx.m(ə.)θɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈxɪx.mθɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈħex.mθɑ]

Noun

ܚܟܡܬܐ • (ḥeḵməṯā) f (plural ܚܟܡܬܐ (ḥeḵmāṯā))

1. wisdom, knowledge, science, philosophy
   • Peshitta, Luke 2:52:

     ܝܫܘܥ ܕܝܢ ܪܒܐ ܗܘܐ ܒܩܘܡܬܗ. ܘܒܚܟܡܬܗ. ܘܒܛܝܒܘܬܐ ܠܘܬ ܐܠܗܐ. ܘܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ.

     yəšūʿ dēn rāḇē [hə]wā ḇə-qawməṯēh, wa-ḇə-ḥeḵməṯēh, wa-ḇə-ṭaybūṯā ləwāṯ ʾălāhā, wa-ḇənaynāšā.

     And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man.

2. counsel, judgement
3. scheme, plan
4. expertness, skill, art

Inflection

    declension of ܚܟܡܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܟܡܐ	ܚܟܡܢ
construct	ܚܟܡܬ	ܚܟܡܬ
emphatic	ܚܟܡܬܐ	ܚܟܡܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܟܡܬܝ	ܚܟܡܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܟܡܬܟ	ܚܟܡܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܟܡܬܟܝ	ܚܟܡܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܟܡܬܗ	ܚܟܡܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܟܡܬܗ	ܚܟܡܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܟܡܬܢ	ܚܟܡܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܟܡܬܟܘܢ	ܚܟܡܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܟܡܬܟܝܢ	ܚܟܡܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܟܡܬܗܘܢ	ܚܟܡܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܟܡܬܗܝܢ	ܚܟܡܬܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Arabic: حِكْمَة (ḥikma)
  • → Persian: حکمت (hekmet)
    • → Azerbaijani: hikmət
    • → Ottoman Turkish: حكمت (hikmet)
      • Turkish: hikmet
    • → Hindustani:
      • Hindi: हिकमत (hikmat)
      • Urdu: حکمت (hikmat)
    • → Malay: hikmat
      • Indonesian: hikmat
      • → Tagalog: hikmat
  • → Uyghur: ھېكمەت (hëkmet)
  • → Uzbek: hikmat
  • → Swahili: hekima

References

• “ḥkmh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-24
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 104a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 141b-142a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 451a