पुत्र

See also: पत्र, पुत्री, and पौत्र

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुत्र (putrá).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /pʊt̪.ɾᵊ/

Noun

पुत्र • (putra) m (feminine पुत्री, Urdu spelling پتر)

1. (chiefly in compounds) a son, child

Declension

Declension of पुत्र (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पुत्र putra	पुत्र putra
oblique	पुत्र putra	पुत्रों putrõ
vocative	पुत्र putra	पुत्रो putro

Synonyms

• बेटा (beṭā)
• लड़का (laṛkā)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “पुत्र”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “पुत्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পুত্ৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬸᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
• পুত্র (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰲𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ပုတြ (Burmese script)
• પુત્ર (Gujarati script)
• ਪੁਤੑਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍁𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦸꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂳𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಪುತ್ರ (Kannada script)
• បុត្រ (Khmer script)
• ປຸຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
• പുത്ര (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡠᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘳𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠤᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧔𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐸𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
• ପୁତ୍ର (Odia script)
• ꢦꢸꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆶𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖲𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
• පුත්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩒𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚰𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
• புத்ர (Tamil script)
• పుత్ర (Telugu script)
• ปุตฺร (Thai script)
• པུ་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒳𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨃𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *putrás (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“small, little, few”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (puθra), Old Persian 𐎱𐎢𐏂 (p-u-ç /⁠puça⁠/, “son”), Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “child, son”), Latin puer (“boy”), Old English fēaw (whence English few).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /put.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈput̪.ɾɐ/

Noun

पुत्र • (putrá) stem, m

1. a son, child

   Synonyms: सूनु (sūnú), जात (jātá)

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.18.5:

     ते हि पुत्रासो अदितेर्विदुर्द्वेषांसि योतवे।
     अंहोश्चिदुरुचक्रयोऽनेहसः॥

     te hi putrāso aditervidurdveṣāṃsi yotave.
     aṃhościdurucakrayoʼnehasaḥ.

     For well these Sons of Aditi know to keep enmities aloof,
     Unrivalled, giving ample room, they save from woe.

2. a species of small venomous animal
3. (astrology) name of the fifth house

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पुत्र (putrá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पुत्रः putráḥ	पुत्रौ / पुत्रा¹ putraú / putrā́¹	पुत्राः / पुत्रासः¹ putrā́ḥ / putrā́saḥ¹
Vocative	पुत्र pútra	पुत्रौ / पुत्रा¹ pútrau / pútrā¹	पुत्राः / पुत्रासः¹ pútrāḥ / pútrāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पुत्रम् putrám	पुत्रौ / पुत्रा¹ putraú / putrā́¹	पुत्रान् putrā́n
Instrumental	पुत्रेण putréṇa	पुत्राभ्याम् putrā́bhyām	पुत्रैः / पुत्रेभिः¹ putraíḥ / putrébhiḥ¹
Dative	पुत्राय putrā́ya	पुत्राभ्याम् putrā́bhyām	पुत्रेभ्यः putrébhyaḥ
Ablative	पुत्रात् putrā́t	पुत्राभ्याम् putrā́bhyām	पुत्रेभ्यः putrébhyaḥ
Genitive	पुत्रस्य putrásya	पुत्रयोः putráyoḥ	पुत्राणाम् putrā́ṇām
Locative	पुत्रे putré	पुत्रयोः putráyoḥ	पुत्रेषु putréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• पुत्री (putrī) (see there for further descendants)
• पुत्रक (putraka)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀅 (puttaa)
    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: पुता (putā)

      Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝𑘰 (putā)

  • → Old Marathi:

    Devanagari script: पुत्रक (putraka)

    Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝𑘿𑘨𑘎 (putraka)

• पौत्र (pautra) (vṛddhi derivative) (see there for further descendants)
• सत्पुत्र (satputra)

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀭 (putra), 𑀧𑀼𑀢 (puta)
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Assamese: পুত (put)
    • Bengali: পুত (put)
    • Rohingya: fut
    • Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠔ (fut)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (putta)
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)
    • Hindustani: pūt

      Hindi: पूत

      Urdu: پُوت

    • Konkani: pūt

      Devanagari script: पूत

      Kannada script: ಪೂತ್

      Latin script: put

    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: पुत (puta), पूत (pūta)

      Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝 (puta)

    • Konkani: पूत (pūt)
    • Marathi: पूत (pūt)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (putta)
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)
    • Hindustani: pūt

      Hindi: पूत

      Urdu: پُوت

    • Konkani: pūt

      Devanagari script: पूत

      Kannada script: ಪೂತ್

      Latin script: put

    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: पुत (puta), पूत (pūta)

      Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝 (puta)

    • Hindustani: pūt

      Hindi: पूत

      Urdu: پُوت (pūt)

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: putr
  • Kashmiri: پۆتھٕر (pothụr, “son”)
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Dhivehi: ފުތް (fut̊)
• Pali: putta
• → Hindi: पुत्र (putra)
• → Bengali: পুত্র (putro)
• → Kannada: ಪುತ್ರ (putra)
• → Khmer: បុត្រា (botriə)
• → Lü: ᦢᦳᧆ (ḃud)
• → Malay: putera, putra
  • Indonesian: putra, putera
• → Malayalam: പുത്രൻ (putraṉ)
• → Marathi: पुत्र (putra)
• → Old Javanese: putra
  • Javanese: ꦥꦸꦠꦿ (putra)
• → Sinhalese: පුතා (putā)
• → Tamil: புத்திரன் (puttiraṉ)
• → Telugu: పుత్రుడు (putruḍu)
• → Thai: บุตร (bùt)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पुत्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 632, column 3.