ἀδελφός

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See also: αδελφός

Ancient Greek[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Hellenic *əgʷelpʰós, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-gʷelbʰ-ó-s (one/same womb), from *gʷelbʰ- (womb), equivalent to ἁ- (ha-, copulative prefix) +‎ δελφύς (delphús, womb). The initial /h/ is lost due to Grassmann's Law. Cognate to Sanskrit सगर्भ्य (ságarbhya, brother).

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Noun[edit]

ἀδελφός (adelphósm (genitive ἀδελφοῦ); second declension

  1. brother, male sibling
    • 2022 May 18, Seumas Macdonald, chapter 5, in Linguae Graecae Per Se Illustrata[1]:
      ὁ δὲ παῖς βάλλει τὴν σφαῖραν πρὸς τὰς ἀδελφὰς αὐτοῦ. αἱ δὲ λαμβάνουσιν τὴν σφαῖραν καὶ βάλλουσιν αὐτὴν πρὸς τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτῶν.
      ho dè paîs bállei tḕn sphaîran pròs tàs adelphàs autoû. hai dè lambánousin tḕn sphaîran kaì bállousin autḕn pròs tòn adelphòn autôn.
      And the boy throws the ball at his female siblings. And they catch the ball and throw it at their male sibling.

Declension[edit]

Coordinate terms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ᾰ̓δελφός (adelphósm (feminine ᾰ̓δελφή, neuter ᾰ̓δελφόν); first/second declension (Attic)

  1. brotherly or sisterly
    • 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 811:
      οὕτως ἀδελφαῖς χερσὶν ἠναίρονθ’ ἅμα;
      hoútōs adelphaîs khersìn ēnaíronth’ háma?
      • 1926 translation by Herbert Weir Smyth
        Then with hands so fraternal did they each kill the other together?
  2. double

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]