ὄρος

See also ὅρος, ὀρός, and όρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• οὖρος (Ionic)

Etymology

Either from ὄρνυμι (ornumi, “I raise”), or possibly directly from a Proto-Indo-European *h₃eros. Compare Sanskrit ऋष्व (r̥ṣvá).

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /óros/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /óros/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /óros/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /óros/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /óɾos/

Noun

ὄρος (genitive ὄρεος, ὄρους) n, third declension; (oros)

1. a mountain, hill
2. mountain chain
3. district, sector, precinct, parish

Inflection

Third declension of ὄρος, ὄρεος (uncontracted)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὄρος	ὄρεε	ὄρεᾰ
Genitive	ὄρεος	ὀρέοιν	ὀρέων
Dative	ὄρεϊ	ὀρέοιν	ὄρεσσῐ(ν)
Accusative	ὄρος	ὄρεε	ὄρεᾰ
Vocative	ὄρος	ὄρεε	ὄρεᾰ

This inflection pattern originally had a sigma (i.e. ὄρεσος), which was dropped early on in the history of Ancient Greek.

Third declension of ὄρος, ὄρους (contracted)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὄρος	ὄρει	ὄρη
Genitive	ὄρους	ὀροῖν	ὀρῶν
Dative	ὄρει	ὀροῖν	ὄρεσῐ(ν)
Accusative	ὄρος	ὄρει	ὄρη
Vocative	ὄρος	ὄρει	ὄρη

The irregular accentuation of this paradigm is explained by the fact that it is the contracted version of the above paradigm.

Descendants

• English: oro-
• Greek: όρος m (óros, “mountain”)

References

• LSJ
• BDAG
• Robert S. P. Beekes (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill Academic Publishers)
• Strong’s concordance number: G3735