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See also: and 齿
U+9F52, 齒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F52

[U+9F51]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9F53]
U+2FD2, ⿒
KANGXI RADICAL TOOTH

[U+2FD1]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FD3]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified 齿

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 211, +0, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山人人 (YMUOO), four-corner 21772, composition 𠚕)

  1. Kangxi radical #211, .
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №38

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48583
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4788, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F52

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. 齿
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a mouth full of teeth. (zhī) or (zhǐ) was later added on top as a phonetic component.

Etymology[edit]

Unclear. Not related to Tibetan མཆེ་བ (mche ba, fang, tusk), which is cognate with 𱌺 (diān, eyetooth), but may be the same word as Proto-Min *kʰiᴮ (tooth). Another possibility is a derivation from an Austroasiatic etymon; Schuessler, 2007 (p.188) suggests a possible relationship to Khmer ខ្នាយ (khnaay, tusk, spur), as Austroasiatic medial /n/ is often deleted in loans.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • kī - vernacular;
  • chī - literary.
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • khí - vernacular;
    • chhí - literary.
    Note:
    • ki2 - vernacular;
    • cin2 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
    Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
    Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
    Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
    Xining /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
    Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
    Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/
    Hefei /t͡sʰʐ̩²⁴/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Pingyao /sz̩⁵³/ 平~磨
    /t͡sz̩⁵³/ ~輪兒
    Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡sz̩³⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
    Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
    Taoyuan /tʃʰï³¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi³⁵/
    Nanning /t͡sʰi³⁵/
    Hong Kong /t͡sʰi³⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰi⁵³/
    /kʰi⁵³/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰi³²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰi²¹/
    Shantou (Teochew) /kʰi⁵³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /xi²¹³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (24)
    Final () (19)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter tsyhiX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /t͡ɕʰɨX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /t͡ɕʰɨX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /t͡ɕʰieX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /cʰɨX/
    Li
    Rong
    /t͡ɕʰiəX/
    Wang
    Li
    /t͡ɕʰĭəX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /t͡ɕʰiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    chǐ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ci2
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    chǐ
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ tsyhiX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*t-[k]ʰə(ŋ)ʔ/ (or *t.ŋ̊əʔ)
    English front teeth

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 17302
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kʰjɯʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. (anatomy) tooth
      齿  ―  chǐ  ―  tooth
    2. (figurative) tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern
    3. (figurative) age (of a person or animal)
    4. to juxtapose; to put side by side
    5. to utter; to mention
    6. to employ; to take in
    7. (dialectal) to touch; to be in contact with
    8. (Xiang) pay attention, to be concerned with
      [Xiang, trad.]
      齿 [Xiang, simp.]
      nyi3 mo6 chr3 ta1 ziou5 shr5 di [Wiktionary]
      It would be better to not pay attention to him.
      齿 [Xiang]  ―  ngo3 zai2 lan3 chr3 de [Wiktionary]  ―  I'd rather not concern myself.

    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    Kyūjitai

    Kanji[edit]

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

    1. tooth

    Readings[edit]

    • Go-on: (shi)
    • Kan-on: (shi)
    • Kun: (ha, )

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC tsyhiX). Recorded as Middle Korean 치〯 (chǐ) (Yale: chi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun (i chi))

    1. Hanja form? of (tooth).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: xỉ ((xương)(chỉ)(thiết))[1][2][3]
    : Nôm readings: xỉ[1][2][4], xỉa[1][3][5], xẻ[3]

    1. chữ Hán form of xỉ (teeth).

    References[edit]