不

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Contents 1 Translingual 1.1 Etymology 1.2 Han character 1.2.1 Descendants 1.2.2 See also 1.2.3 References 2 Cantonese 2.1 Hanzi 3 Japanese 3.1 Kanji 3.1.1 Readings 3.1.2 Compounds 4 Korean 4.1 Hanja 4.1.1 References 5 Mandarin 5.1 Pronunciation 5.2 Adverb 5.3 Prefix 5.4 Hanzi 5.4.1 Usage notes 5.4.2 Compounds 5.4.3 Proverbs 6 Middle Chinese 6.1 Han character 7 Vietnamese 7.1 Han character 7.1.1 Readings 7.1.2 References

[edit] Translingual

Stroke order

[edit] Etymology

不 originated as a pictographic character which depicted the calyx of a flower. However, early inventors of the Chinese writing system found it difficult to find a pictograph that could represent the abstract concept of "negative," and 不 probably sounded like the word "no" (Pinyin: bù or fǒu in modern Mandarin). As time passed, some elected to add a mouth to the bottom of the character (否) in order to distinguish it from the original word. The meaning for "no" also came to be associated with 不(calyx). A new character was eventually chosen to represent the original meaning (柎, Pinyin: fū).

[edit] Han character

不 (radical 1 一+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一火 (MF), four-corner 1090₀)

1. no, not
2. un-
3. negation prefix

[edit] Descendants

• ふ
• フ

[edit] See also

• 弗
• Reference: 漢語大辭典 (hànyǔ dà cídiǎn), ISBN 9578134789

[edit] References

• KangXi: page 76, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19
• Dae Jaweon: page 149, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 11, character 6
• Unihan data for U+4E0D

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[edit] Cantonese

[edit] Hanzi

不 (jyutping bat1, Yale bat1, fau2)

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[edit] Japanese

[edit] Kanji

不 (grade 4 kanji)

[edit] Readings

• On: ふ (fu), ぶ (bu), ふう (fuu); ふつ (futsu), ほち (hochi); ひ (hi)
• Kun: せず (sezu), にあらず (niarazu), いなや (inaya)

[edit] Compounds

不安な 不安 不一, 不乙 不運 不壊 不易 不可 不可解 不快 不具 不倶戴天 不言実行 不孝 不幸

不治 不死身 不悉 不肖 不祥 不詳 不祥事 不浄 不精 不尽 不宣 不戦 不全 不善

不測 不足 不定 不貞 不逞 不敵 不当 不備 不敏 不憫, 不愍 不服 不文律 不平 不変

不満 不毛 不問 不埒 不慮 不倫 不老不死 不惑 不束 不思議 不知火 不如帰 不見転

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[edit] Korean

[edit] Hanja

不
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 부, 불, 비 (revised: bu, bul, bi, McCune-Reischauer: pu, pul, pi, Yale: pwu, pwu, pi)

• Name (hangeul): 아닐, 아닐, 클 (revised: anil, anil, keul, McCune-Reischauer: anil, anil, k'ǔl, Yale: anil, anil, khul)

[edit] References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 不

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[edit] Mandarin

[edit] Pronunciation

•  audio^{help, file}

[edit] Adverb

不 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin bù)

1. not

   我不是丹麦人. — “I am not Danish.” (Literally, “I not am Danish.”)

[edit] Prefix

不 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin bù)

1. no; un-; negation prefix

   你是丹麦人吗?不是. — “Are you Danish? No.” (Literally, “You are Danish? Not are.”)

[edit] Hanzi

不 (pinyin bù (bu4), Wade-Giles pu⁴)

[edit] Usage notes

• The tone changes from fourth to second tone when followed by a fourth-tone syllable.

[edit] Compounds

[edit] Proverbs

• 不入虎穴，焉得虎子
• 不塞不流，不止不行

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[edit] Middle Chinese

[edit] Han character

不 (*biət)

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[edit] Vietnamese

[edit] Han character

不 (bất, phầu, phủ, phi)

[edit] Readings

• Nôm: bất, bứt

[edit] References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm , NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999