乙

See also: 之

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Pictogram (象形) : Picture of a swallow.

Original form of 鳦 (swallow). Current meaning by phonetic loan.

Han character

乙 (radical 5 乙+0, 1 stroke, cangjie input 弓山 (NU), four-corner 1771₀)

1. the second of the ten heavenly stems
2. second
3. the KangXi radical 乙
4. the quantity 1

Derived characters

• Index:Chinese radical/乙
• 艺

References

• KangXi: page 83, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 161
• Dae Jaweon: page 167, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 47, character 4
• Unihan data for U+4E59
• "乙" (in Mandarin), 字源. URL accessed on 2014-03-21.

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		乙

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǐ (yi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyut³, jyut⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): it
• Wu (WT Romanisation): iq (T4)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: yǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˇ
    • Wade-Giles: i³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yii
    • IPA ^(key): /i²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyut³, jyut⁶
    • Yale: yut, yuht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyt⁸, jyt⁹
    • IPA ^(key): /jyːt̚³/, /jyːt̚²/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • POJ: yetl
    • Guangdong: jat7 [Meixian], zit⁷, zet⁷ [Hailu]
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yad5
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: it
    • Tâi-lô: it
    • IPA (Taipei): /it̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /it̚³²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: iq (T4)
    • IPA ^(key): /i̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (乙, reconstructed)
Character (乙), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 影 (34) Final: 質 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 於筆切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ʔiɪt̚/	/ʔi̯ĕt̚/	/ʔiĕt̚/	/ʔit̚/	/ʔit̚/	/ĭĕt̚/	/ʔjet̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (乙, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
乙								yǐ								‹ ʔit ›								/*qrət/								2nd heavenly stem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
乙					14921					乙					質					2					乙					/*qriɡ/					甲乙字收ɡ尾與燕乙字收d尾小分部有異

Noun

乙

1. second, 2, B, II, beta (used for unnamed people or object, to enumarate headings in a list, for grade)

   路人甲和路人乙。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   Lùrén jiǎ hé lùrén yǐ. [Pinyin]

   Person A and person B / Person 1 and Person 2.

   他法语成绩得了乙。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   Tā fǎyǔ chéngjì dé le yǐ. [Pinyin]

   He got a B in French.

   乙肝  ―  yǐgān  ―  hepatitis B

2. (chemistry) ethyl

Proper noun

乙

1. The second of the ten heavenly stems (天干)
2. Kangxi radical 5 (second)
3. the seventh scale degree in Gongche musical notation (工尺譜／工尺谱)

Number

乙

1. (literary) one

   (公文)…加乙份。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   (gōngwén)... Jiā yǐ fèn. [Pinyin]

   (In official letters) …added one copy.

See also

• 天干 The Heavenly Stems.
• 工尺譜／工尺谱 The Gongche notation
• Kangxi radical on Wikipedia.en.Wikipedia:Kangxi_radical

Pronunciation

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhé
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˊ
    • Wade-Giles: chê²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jer
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵/

Proper noun

乙

1. (chinese strokes) turning stroke

See also

• Chinese strokes on Wikipedia.en.Wikipedia:Stroke_(CJKV_character)

References

• "乙" (in Mandarin/English), MDBG English to Chinese dictionary (based on CC-CEDICT). URL accessed on 2014-02-13.
• "Jukuu" (in Mandarin/English), Jukuu. URL accessed on 2014-03-21.

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Japanese

Kanji

乙

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: おつ (otsu), おち (ochi)
• Kan’on: いつ (itsu)
• Kun: きのと (kinoto), おと (oto)

Compounds

• 乙子
• 乙種
• 乙巡
• 乙女
• 乙姫
• 乙夜

Adjectival noun

乙 (-na inflection, hiragana おつ, romaji otsu)

1. strange
2. interestingly strange, spicy

Inflection

Inflection of "乙な"

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	乙だろ	おつだろ	otsu daro
Continuative (連用形)	乙で	おつで	otsu de
Terminal (終止形)	乙だ	おつだ	otsu da
Attributive (連体形)	乙な	おつな	otsu na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	乙なら	おつなら	otsu nara
Imperative (命令形)	乙であれ	おつであれ	otsu de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	乙ではない 乙じゃない	おつではない おつじゃない	otsu de wa nai otsu ja nai
Informal past	乙だった	おつだった	otsu datta
Informal negative past	乙ではなかった 乙じゃなかった	おつではなかった おつじゃなかった	otsu de wa nakatta otsu ja nakatta
Formal	乙です	おつです	otsu desu
Formal negative	乙ではありません 乙じゃありません	おつではありません おつじゃありません	otsu de wa arimasen otsu ja arimasen
Formal past	乙でした	おつでした	otsu deshita
Formal negative past	乙ではありませんでした 乙じゃありませんでした	おつではありませんでした おつじゃありませんでした	otsu de wa arimasen deshita otsu ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	乙で	おつで	otsu de
Conditional	乙なら（ば）	おつなら（ば）	otsu nara(ba)
Provisional	乙だったら	おつだったら	otsu dattara
Volitional	乙だろう	おつだろう	otsu darō
Adverbial	乙に	おつに	otsu ni
Degree	乙さ	おつさ	otsusa

Noun

乙 (hiragana おつ, romaji otsu)

1. the second
2. the latter

乙 (hiragana きのと, romaji kinoto)

1. the second of the ten stems (十干 (jikkan))

Abbreviation

乙

1. (internet slang) Abbreviation of お疲 (つか)れ様 (さま)です (otsukaresama desu)

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Korean

Hanja

乙 (eul)
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 을 (revised: eul, McCune-Reischauer: ŭl)

• Name (hangeul): 새 (revised: sae, McCune-Reischauer: sae)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 乙

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Vietnamese

Han character

乙 (ất, át, ắc, ắt, hắt, ặc, lớt)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

References

• Nom Foundation