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See also:
U+51CD, 凍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51CD

[U+51CC]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+51CE]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 15, +8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈一木田 (IMDW), four-corner 35196, composition)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 132, character 46
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1670
  • Dae Jaweon: page 297, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 298, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+51CD

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *toːŋ, *toːŋs): semantic + phonetic (OC *toːŋ).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • tàng - vernacular;
  • tòng - literary.
Note:
  • dang3 - vernacular;
  • dong3 - literary.
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial () (5) (5)
    Final () (1) (1)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division () I I
    Fanqie
    Baxter tuwng tuwngH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /tuŋ/ /tuŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /tuŋ/ /tuŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /tuŋ/ /tuŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /təwŋ/ /təwŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /tuŋ/ /tuŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /tuŋ/ /tuŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /tuŋ/ /tuŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    dōng dòng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    dung1 dung3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    dòng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ tuwngH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*tˁoŋ-s/
    English freeze

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 2441 2447
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*toːŋ/ /*toːŋs/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. cold; (of weather) chilly
    2. to freeze
    3. jelly
    4. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • Old Turkic: dong (frozen)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. frozen

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Related terms[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun (eol dong))

    1. Hanja form? of (freeze).
    2. Hanja form? of (cold, congeal).
    3. Hanja form? of (jelly).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: đống, đông, gióng, rúng, đóng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.