刣
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
刣 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈口中弓 (IRLN), composition ⿰台刂)
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 138, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1922
- Dae Jaweon: page 311, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 332, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5223
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 胎 | *l̥ʰɯː |
| 台 | *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ |
| 邰 | *l̥ʰɯː |
| 鮐 | *l̥ʰɯː, *lɯ |
| 孡 | *l̥ʰɯː |
| 苔 | *l'ɯː |
| 抬 | *l'ɯː |
| 駘 | *l'ɯː, *l'ɯːʔ |
| 炱 | *l'ɯː |
| 菭 | *l'ɯː, *l'i |
| 跆 | *l'ɯː |
| 殆 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 怠 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 迨 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 紿 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 詒 | *l'ɯːʔ, *lɯ |
| 軩 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 咍 | *hlɯː |
| 佁 | *lɯːʔ, *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ |
| 枲 | *slɯʔ |
| 辝 | *ljɯ |
| 鈶 | *ljɯʔ |
| 笞 | *l̥ʰɯ |
| 齝 | *l̥ʰɯ, *hljɯ |
| 眙 | *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯ |
| 治 | *l'ɯ, *l'ɯs, *l'is |
| 始 | *hljɯʔ |
| 怡 | *lɯ |
| 貽 | *lɯ |
| 飴 | *lɯ |
| 瓵 | *lɯ |
| 珆 | *li |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : phonetic 台 + semantic 刂 (“knife”).
Etymology 1[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
刣 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𠛀 | |
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
刣
Etymology 2[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
刣 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Often considered a substrate word. Compare (Deng, 1994, Schuessler, 2007):
- Proto-Hmong-Mien *təjH (“to kill”) ~ Proto-Hmong-Mien *dəjH (“to die”)
- White Hmong tua (“to kill”)
- White Hmong tuag (“to die”)
- Proto-Austronesian *pa-aCay (“to kill”) ~ Proto-Austronesian *ma-aCay (“to die”)
- Proto-Tai *p.taːjᴬ (“to die”)
Norman (1979) suggests that this derives from 治 (MC dri, “to regulate; to clean (fish)”) instead. This usage is still used in some Mandarin dialects (usually meaning “to clean (fish)”) and Hakka chhṳ̀ (“to slaughter (livestock)”), often written as 㓾.
Alternatively, some have suggested that 夷 (MC yij, “to be level; to pacify; to kill”) is the original character.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
刣
- (Hakka, Min) to slaughter (an animal)
- 刣豬／刣猪 [Hokkien] ― thâi ti [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to slaughter a pig
- 刣豬／刣猪 [Eastern Min] ― tài-*dṳ̆ / [tʰai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ty⁵⁵] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA] ― to slaughter a pig
- (Fuzhou Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) to kill (a person)
- 刣死 [Hokkien] ― thâi-sí [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to kill
- (Eastern Min, Southern Min) to cut open
- 刣西瓜 [Hokkien] ― thâi si-koe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to cut a watermelon
- (Hokkien) to cut; to gash
- (Hokkien) to fight a battle; to go to war
- (Hokkien) to delete; to remove; to cross out
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to beat down the price; to haggle
Synonyms[edit]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 殺 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 殺 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 殺 |
| Taiwan | 殺 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 殺 | |
| Jinan | 殺 | |
| Luoyang | 殺 | |
| Wanrong | 殺 | |
| Xi'an | 殺 | |
| Yinchuan | 殺 | |
| Wuhan | 殺 | |
| Chengdu | 殺 | |
| Guilin | 殺 | |
| Yangzhou | 殺 | |
| Nanjing | 殺 | |
| Hefei | 殺 | |
| Malaysia | 殺 | |
| Singapore | 殺 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 殺 |
| Hong Kong | 殺 | |
| Yangjiang | 殺 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 殺 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 殺 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 殺 |
| Lichuan | 殺 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 殺 |
| Yudu | 殺 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 殺 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 殺 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 殺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 刣 |
| Fuqing | 殺 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 刣 |
| Quanzhou | 刣 | |
| Jinjiang | 刣 | |
| Yongchun | 刣 | |
| Zhangzhou | 刣 | |
| Tainan | 刣 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 刣 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 刣 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 刣 | |
| Chaozhou | 刣 | |
| Shantou | 刣 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 刣 | |
| Jieyang | 刣 | |
| Lufeng | 刣 | |
| Haifeng | 刣 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 刣 | |
| Leizhou | 殺 | |
| Wenchang | 殺 | |
| Haikou | 殺 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 殺 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 殺 | |
| Suzhou | 殺 | |
| Hangzhou | 殺 | |
| Wenzhou | 殺 | |
| Jinhua | 殺 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 殺 |
| Loudi | 殺 | |
| Shuangfeng | 殺 | |
Compounds[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “Entry #2946”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
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