努

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 力 (“strength”) + phonetic 奴 – exert one’s strength.

Han character

努 (radical 19 力+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女水大尸 (VEKS), four-corner 4742₇, composition ⿱奴力)

1. to exert, strive, make an effort
2. to pout

References

• KangXi: page 146, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2314
• Dae Jaweon: page 331, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 369, character 4
• Unihan data for U+52AA

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Cantonese

Hanzi

努 (Yale nou5)

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Japanese

Kanji

努 (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: ど (do)
• Kun: つとめる (tsutomeru), ゆめ (yume)

Proper noun

努 (hiragana つとむ, romaji Tsutomu)

1. A male given name

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Korean

Hanja

努 (hangeul 노, revised no, McCune-Reischauer no)

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Mandarin

Hanzi

努 (pinyin nǔ (nu3), Wade-Giles nu³)

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Vietnamese

Han character

努 (nỗ)