午
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Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Han character[edit]
午 (Kangxi radical 24, 十+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人十 (OJ) or 難人十 (XOJ), four-corner 80400, composition ⿱𠂉十 or ⿰丿干)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 156, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2703
- Dae Jaweon: page 354, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 406, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5348
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
午 |
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Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 午 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) – a pestle (now written 杵).
Etymology 1[edit]
Norman (1985) proposed connection with Austroasiatic; Ferlus (2013) noted a "[g]ood correspondence" between Proto-Vietic *m-ŋəːʔ (whence Vietnamese ngựa) and Old Chinese reconstructions like *m-qʰˁaʔ (Baxter-Sagart) and *ᵀs.ŋaʔ (Ferlus). Also compare Proto-Hlai *hŋaːʔ (“horse”), Proto-Kra *ŋja C (“horse”).
Alternatively, Smith (2011) proposed 午 (OC *ŋaːʔ)'s cognacy with 啎 (OC *ŋaːs) "to meet head on" and 御 (OC *ŋas) "to meet in (battle)" and suggested that "the moon at its full phase opposes the sun directly in the sky, meaning *ŋaaʔ 午 is probably to be glossed, given *-ʔ , ‘facing stage’". Schuessler (2007) regarded 午 (OC ŋâh) "to go against" as a mere graphic variant of 啎 and thus deemed the sense "to go against" distinct from the "earthly branch" sense.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
午
- the seventh of twelve earthly branches:
Coordinate terms[edit]
- (Chinese earthly branches) 地支 (dìzhī); 子, 丑 (chǒu), 寅 (yín), 卯 (mǎo), 辰 (chén), 巳 (sì), 午 (wǔ), 未 (wèi), 申 (shēn), 酉 (yǒu), 戌, 亥 (hài) (Category: zh:Chinese earthly branches)
Hypernyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 下午 (xiàwǔ)
- 上午 (shàngwǔ)
- 下午茶 (xiàwǔchá)
- 中午 (zhōngwǔ)
- 交午
- 亭午 (tíngwǔ)
- 亭午夜分
- 傍午 (bàngwǔ)
- 午井 (Wǔjǐng)
- 午供
- 午前 (wǔqián)
- 午夜 (wǔyè)
- 午夜牛郎
- 午宴 (wǔyàn)
- 午後/午后 (wǔhòu)
- 午日 (Wǔrì)
- 午時/午时 (wǔshí)
- 午正 (wǔzhèng)
- 午炮
- 午牌 (wǔpái)
- 午睡 (wǔshuì)
- 午覺/午觉 (wǔjiào)
- 午錯/午错
- 午門/午门 (wǔmén)
- 午間/午间 (wǔjiān)
- 午飯/午饭 (wǔfàn)
- 午餐 (wǔcān)
- 卓午
- 卯酉子午
- 向午
- 子午卯酉
- 子午線/子午线 (zǐwǔxiàn)
- 子午蓮/子午莲
- 工作午餐
- 庭午
- 打午尖
- 旁午
- 晌午
- 晌午歪
- 正午 (zhèngwǔ)
- 營養午餐/营养午餐
- 甲午戰爭/甲午战争 (Jiǎwǔ Zhànzhēng)
- 當午/当午
- 祁奚舉午/祁奚举午
- 端午 (Duānwǔ)
- 端午節/端午节 (Duānwǔjié)
- 紅日當午/红日当午
- 舛午
- 蜂午並起/蜂午并起
- 西午 (Xīwǔ)
- 過午/过午
- 重午
- 題鳳題午/题凤题午
- 餉午/饷午
Etymology 2[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 午 – see 舞 (“to dance; dance; dancing; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 舞). |
Notes:
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References[edit]
- “午”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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午 |
うま Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- the Horse, the seventh of the twelve Earthly Branches
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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午 |
ご Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 午 (nguX).
Proper noun[edit]
- the Horse, the seventh of the twelve Earthly Branches
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 午 (MC nguX).
Historical Readings | ||
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Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅌᅩᆼ〯 (Yale: ngwǒ) |
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [o̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [오(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
午: Hán Nôm readings: ngọ, ngỏ, ngõ
- chữ Hán form of Ngọ (“seventh of the twelve earthly branches”).
Compounds[edit]
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
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- Han pictograms
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- zh:Astrology
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- Advanced Mandarin
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- Chinese simplified forms
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 2 kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ご
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ご
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うま
- Japanese terms spelled with 午 read as うま
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- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms spelled with 午 read as ご
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese words with multiple readings
- ja:Chinese earthly branches
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable
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- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán