From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: , , , and
U+53EA, 只
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53EA

[U+53E9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+53EB]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 30, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口金 (RC), four-corner 60800, composition )

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №49

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 172, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3239
  • Dae Jaweon: page 383, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 570, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+53EA

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形): airflow coming out of a mouth () – a modal particle.

Etymology 1[edit]

trad. /*/*/*
simp.
alternative forms

Schuessler (2007) suggests that it is possibly Sino-Tibetan, relating it to Kamarupan ke, kʰe (one), which are perhaps related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kjaŋ (single), whence Tibetan རྐྱང (rkyang, single), Burmese ချင်း (hkyang:, single) and Burmese ချည်း (hkyany:, alone,only, just).

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕie/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 17304
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*klje/

Definitions[edit]

  1. only; just; simply; merely
      ―  zhǐ qù guò yī cì.  ―  I've only been there once.
    一點兒胡椒粉 [MSC, trad.]
    一点儿胡椒粉 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāng lǐ zhǐ fàng le yīdiǎnr hújiāofěn. [Pinyin]
    There was just a hint of pepper in the soup.
    一日到夜曉得事體會得 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    一日到夜晓得事体会得 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    7iq-gniq-tau-ya 7tseq 5shiau-teq 7chiq 7chiq 7chiq 6zy-thi-meq 7iq-nge 6gha 8veq-ue-teq 5tsu [Wugniu]
    The only thing [you] do all day is eat, and yet you do nothing important.
  2. originally; at first

Synonyms[edit]

  • (only):

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms Min
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Related to (zhè), ()?”

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆X/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕieX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi2

Definitions[edit]

  1. (literary or Min) this
Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆X/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕieX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 17307
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kljeʔ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. A modal particle.

Etymology 4[edit]

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]


Definitions[edit]

  1. to do

Etymology 5[edit]

simp. and trad.
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Related to (zhe)?”

Pronunciation[edit]


Definitions[edit]

  1. Progressive particle, akin to (zhe). [Yuan–Ming]

Etymology 6[edit]

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆X/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕieX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 17307
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kljeʔ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. a surname

Etymology 7[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“one bird; single; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 8[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“unit of measurement during the Zhou dynasty, equal to eight cun/tsun; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. only
  2. simply
  3. just

Readings[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Kanji in this term
ただ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
ただタダ
[noun] , : ordinary, common, nothing special
[noun] : free of charge, free
Alternative spelling
ただ
[adjective] , : ordinary, simple
[adjective] , : nothing
[adverb] , , : merely, commonly, simply, only
[conjunction] , , : but, however, although, except that
Alternative spellings
, ,
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

(eum (ji))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Korean[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Conventionally reconstructed as *-k, after the Middle Korean reflexes.

Etymology 1[edit]

Phonogram[edit]

(*-k)

  1. A consonantal phonogram denoting coda consonant *-k.

Etymology 2[edit]

Particle[edit]

(*-k)

  1. An emphatic particle attached to the connective form of verbs.
Descendants[edit]
  • Middle Korean: (-k)

Etymology 3[edit]

Verb[edit]

(*ki-)

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. It usually appears after other verbs, taking the honorific suffix (*-si), and appears to be some kind of auxiliary. It has no known Middle Korean reflex. Nam Pung-hyeon speculates whether it might be connected to or be a variant of (*KYE-).

References[edit]

  • 남풍현 (2004), “시상의 조동사 '在/𠂇/겨'의 발달' [The development of the aspectual auxiliary kye-]”, in Gugeo gukmunhak, volume 138, pages 5—34
  • 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop) et al. (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 411—549

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ, chích

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.