土

See also: 士, 耂, and ±

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Etymology

Pictogram (象形): a lump of clay on a potter’s wheel.

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

土 (radical 32 土+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 土 (G), four-corner 4010₀, composition ⿱十一)

1. soil, earth
2. items made of earth
3. one of the five basic elements
4. peasant

Derived characters

• Index:Chinese radical/土
• 吐

References

• KangXi: page 223, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4867
• Dae Jaweon: page 453, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 415, character 1
• Unihan data for U+571F

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		土

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tǔ (tu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou²
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): thú
• Min Nan (POJ): thó͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: tǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ
    • Wade-Giles: t'u³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuu
    • IPA ^(key): /tʰu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: tou²
    • Yale: tóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou²
    • IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thú
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /tʰu³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thó͘
    • Tâi-lô: thó͘
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ⁵³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (土, reconstructed)
Character (土), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 透 (6) Final: 模 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 他魯切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/tʰuoX/	/tʰuoX/	/tʰoX/	/tʰuoX/	/tʰɔX/	/tʰuX/	/tʰoX/
Character (土), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 定 (7) Final: 模 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 徒古切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/duoX/	/dʱuoX/	/doX/	/duoX/	/dɔX/	/duX/	/doX/

Old Chinese pronunciation (土, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
土								tǔ								‹ thuX ›								/*tʰˤaʔ/								earth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
土					12499					土					魚					0					土					/*l̥ʰaːʔ/
土					12503					土					魚					0					杜					/*l'aːʔ/

Noun

土

1. earth, soil

   这儿的土够肥的。 zhèr de tǔ gòu féi de.

   The soil here is quite fertile.

2. clay
3. crude opium

Adjective

土

1. local, native, indigenous

   土著 aboriginal

2. rustic, unsophisticated

Proper noun

土

1. A surname​.
2. Tujia ethnic group (土家族)

Compounds

Derived terms

土城 陶土 (táotǔ): potter's clay 土坝 土包子 土崩瓦解 土布 土财主 土产 土道 土地 土地改革 土地庙 土豆, 土豆儿 土耳其 土法 土方, 土方儿 土房 土肥 土匪 土粪 土改 土岗 土疙瘩 土埂 土豪 土话 土皇帝 土黄 土货 土家族 土建 土阶茅茨 土坎, 土坎儿 土库曼, 土库曼斯坦 土块 土牢 土老财 土老帽儿 土垒 土里土气, 土里土气的 土名 土模 土木 土木工程 土木形骸 土牛木马 土偶 土坯 土坡, 土坡儿 土气 土墙 土壤 土人 土色 土生土长 土石方 土俗 土特产 土头土脑 土温 土物 土星 土腥气 土性 土洋结合 土音 土语 土葬 土造 土政策 土纸 土质 土著 土专家 土族

References

• "土" (in Mandarin/English), MDBG English to Chinese dictionary ( Based on CC-CEDICT ). URL accessed on 2014-02-14.
• Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

土

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: つ (tsu)
• Kan’on: と (to)
• Kan’yōon: ど (do)
• Kun: つち (tsuchi)

Compounds

• 土地 (とち, tochi): ground; land
• 土竜 (もぐら, mogura): mole (animal)
• 土産 (みやげ, miyage): a souvenir, a present
• 陶土 (とうど, tōdo): potter's clay

Kanji in this term

土

つち Grade: 1

kun'yomi

Noun

土 (hiragana つち, romaji tsuchi)

1. earth; soil; mud
2. the ground

Phrases

• 土を踏む: enter the foreign country

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Korean

Hanja

土 (to, du)
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 토, 두 (revised: to, du, McCune-Reischauer: t'o, tu, Yale: tho, twu)

• Name (hangeul): 흙, 뿌리 (revised: heulk, ppuri, McCune-Reischauer: hŭk, ppuri, Yale: hulk, ppuli)
• Compounds
  • 土曜日 (toyoil).

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Noun

土 (to) (hangeul 토)

1. earth
2. (As an abbreviation) Saturday

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Vietnamese

Han character

土 (thổ)

1. Earth, land
2. Soil
3. A name
4. (As an abbreviation) arrogance