垮

垮 U+57AE, 垮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-57AE ← 垭 [U+57AD] CJK Unified Ideographs 垯 → [U+57AF]

Translingual

Han character

垮 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 土大一尸 (GKMS), four-corner 4412₇, composition ⿰土夸)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 228, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 438, character 3
• Unihan data for U+57AE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		垮

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (于) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
侉	*qaːls
夸	*kʰʷraː
姱	*kʰʷraː
胯	*kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
跨	*kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
誇	*kʰʷraː
垮	*kʰʷraːʔ
銙	*kʰʷraːʔ
骻	*kʰʷraːʔ
咵	*kʰʷraːʔ
釫	*ɢʷraː, *qʷaː
摦	*ɡʷraːs
鮬	*pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː
嶀	*qʰʷl'aː
扝	*kʰʷaː, *qʷaː
刳	*kʰʷaː
郀	*kʰʷaː
挎	*kʰʷaː
袴	*kʰʷaːs
絝	*kʰʷaːs
褲	*kʰʷaːs
恗	*qʰaː
洿	*ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː
瓠	*ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs
鄠	*ɢʷlaːʔ
污	*qʷaː, *qʷaːs
杇	*qʷaː
圬	*qʷaː
鴮	*qʷaː
盓	*qʷaː
汙	*qʷaːs, *ɢʷa
樗	*qʰʷl'a
摴	*qʰʷl'a
荂	*pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa
雩	*qʰʷla, *ɢʷla
吁	*qʰʷa, *ɢʷas
盱	*qʰʷa
訏	*qʰʷa
扜	*qʰʷa, *qʷa
旴	*qʰʷa
冔	*qʰʷaʔ
紆	*qʷa
陓	*qʷa
迂	*qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa
虶	*qʷa
于	*ɢʷa
盂	*ɢʷa
竽	*ɢʷa
邘	*ɢʷa
玗	*ɢʷa
芋	*ɢʷa, *ɢʷas
杅	*ɢʷa
釪	*ɢʷa
骬	*ɢʷa
謣	*ɢʷla
宇	*ɢʷaʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuǎ (kua³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwaa¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khoa

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuǎ
    • Wade–Giles: kʻua³
    • Yale: kwǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koa
    • Palladius: куа (kua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ä²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwaa¹
    • Yale: kwā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwaa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: kua¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰaː⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoa
    • Tâi-lô: khua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoaf
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰua³³/

Note: khoa - vernacular (俗).

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷraːʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	垮
Reading #	1/1
No.	15653
Phonetic component	于
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	髁
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷraːʔ/
Notes	侉新分化字

Definitions

垮

1. (of a structure) to collapse; to fall
2. to be utterly defeated; to be routed
3. (of one's body) to be worn out

Synonyms

• (to collapse):

• 倒冧 (dou² lam³) (Cantonese)
• 倒塌 (dǎotā)
• 傾覆／倾覆 (qīngfù)
• 凹陷 (āoxiàn)
• 坍塌 (tāntā)
• 垮臺／垮台 (kuǎtái) (figurative)
• 塌 (tā)
• 塌方 (tāfāng)
• 塌臺／塌台 (tātái) (figurative)
• 塌落 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 塌頭／塌头 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 崩坍 (bēngtān)
• 崩塌 (bēngtā)
• 崩敗／崩败 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 崩潰／崩溃 (bēngkuì)
• 崩裂 (bēngliè)
• 崩陷 (Hokkien, literary)
• 瓦解 (wǎjiě)
• 窞肚 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 解體／解体 (jiětǐ)
• 陷落 (xiànluò)

 

• (to be utterly defeated): 潰敗／溃败 (kuìbài)

Compounds

• 垮臺／垮台 (kuǎtái)
• 打垮 (dǎkuǎ)
• 拖垮 (tuōkuǎ)
• 累垮 (lèikuǎ)

 

Vietnamese

Han character

垮: Hán Nôm readings: khoai

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