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Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
天-order.gif
Stroke order
天-bw.png

Phonosemantic interpretation[edit]

Old Chinese Initial /*t-/ lends semantic value Straight. Final consonant /*-n/lends semantic value Adhere/Be Proximate. Semantic indicator person standing outstretched + phono-semantic indicator a line above the head indicating the horizon (compare ) → top of the head (of a person standing outstretched and uniting heaven and earth). Compare . Source: Howell & Morimoto

Etymology[edit]

A top line representing the level above a man with outstretched arms ().

Han character[edit]

(radical 37 +1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一大 (MK), four-corner 10430, composition)

  1. sky, heaven, celestial
  2. god, godly, Deva
  3. day

Note: The top line can be either longer or shorter than the arms.

Descendants[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 248, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5833
  • Dae Jaweon: page 500, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 522, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5929

Cantonese[edit]

Hanzi[edit]

(Yale tin1)


Japanese[edit]

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Kanji[edit]

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(hiragana あま, romaji ama)

  1. (archaic) the sky, the heavens
  2. the area above a kitchen stove:
    1. where the smoke collects in an old kitchen using a wood-burning stove
    2. a shelf or shelves above the stove
  3. (archaic) heaven

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Japanese ama (see above). Likely derived by fusion of ama +  (i, emphatic nominative particle), similar to the derivation of other words such as  (kami, kamu + i),  (me, ma + i), etc.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(hiragana あめ, romaji ame)

  1. (archaic) the sky, the heavens
  2. (archaic) heaven
  3. (archaic) the roof of a palace
Idioms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

From Middle Chinese . Compare modern Mandarin  (tiān).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(hiragana てん, romaji ten)

  1. the sky, the heavens
  2. heaven
  3. (metaphorically) the gods, providence, fate
Idioms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]


Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]


Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul):  (revised: cheon, McCune-Reischauer: ch'ŏn)
  1. (하늘 , haneul cheon) sky; heaven; Godhead; tao; etc.

Synonyms[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]


Mandarin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(traditional and simplified, Pinyin tiān)

  1. sky, heaven
  2. day (as part of compound words, such as 今天, 明天)

Hanzi[edit]

(pinyin tiān (tian1), Wade-Giles t'ien1)

Compounds[edit]

  • 春天 chūntiān - spring
  • 夏天 xiàtiān - summer
  • 秋天 qiūtiān - autumn/fall
  • 冬天 dōngtiān - winter
  • 前天 qiăntiān - the day before yesterday
  • 昨天 zuótiān - yesterday
  • 今天 jīntiān - today
  • 明天 míngtiān - tomorrow
  • 后天 hòutiān - the day after tomorrow
  • 星期天 xīngqītiān - Sunday
  • 天气 tiānqì - the weather
  • 天天 tiāntiān - every day
  • 天蓝 tiānlán - blue, azure
  • 天下 tiānxià - the world (under the sky)
  • 天宫 tiāngōng - palace of heaven

Middle Chinese[edit]

Han character[edit]

(*then)


Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

(thiên, yêu)