姑

See also: 菇

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 古 – a type of woman (aunt, mother-in-law).

Han character

姑 (radical 38 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女十口 (VJR), four-corner 4446₀, composition ⿰女古)

1. father's sister
2. husband's mother

Derived characters

• 菇

References

• Crook 1985: page 241
• Jingrong: 241
• Lin Yutang: 93A.40, page 1409
• Nelson: 1201
• KangXi: page 258, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6174
• Dae Jaweon: page 524, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1035, character 4
• Unihan data for U+59D1

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		姑

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gū (gu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu¹
• Min Nan (POJ): ko͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: gū
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ
    • Wade-Giles: ku¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu
    • IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu¹
    • Yale: gū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu¹
    • IPA ^(key): /kuː⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘
    • Tâi-lô: ko͘
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ³⁴/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (姑, reconstructed)
Character (姑), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 見 (28) Final: 模 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 古胡切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/kuo/	/kuo/	/ko/	/kuo/	/kɔ/	/ku/	/ko/

Old Chinese pronunciation (姑, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
姑								gū								‹ ku ›								/*kˤa/								father's sister
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
姑					4212					古					魚					0					孤					/*kaː/

Compounds

• 姑表
• 姑爹
• 姑夫
• 姑父
• 姑姑
• 姑舅
• 姑老爷
• 姑姥姥
• 姑妈
• 姑母
• 姑奶奶
• 姑娘
• 姑娘儿

• 姑婆
• 姑且
• 姑嫂
• 姑妄听之
• 何仙姑
• 姑妄言之
• 姑息
• 姑息养奸
• 姑爷
• 姑爷爷
• 姑丈
• 姑子
• 慈姑 (cígū)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

/sihi1to2me1/: [shipitwome] → [shiɸitwome] → [shiɸitome]. Compound of 舅 (shihito, “in law”) and 女 (me, “woman”). See next entry.

Noun

姑 (hiragana しひとめ, romaji shihitome)

1. a mother-in-law

Etymology 2

From shihitome: [shipitwome] → [shiɸitwome] → [shiɸitome] → [shiɸutome] → [shiwutome] → [shiutome] → [shuːtome].

Noun

姑 (hiragana しゅうとめ, romaji shūtome, historical hiragana しうとめ)

1. a mother-in-law

Kanji

姑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• On: こ (ko)
• Kun: しゅうとめ (shuutome), おば (oba), しばらく (shibaraku)

Compounds

• 慈姑, (クワイ, kuwai)

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Korean

Hanja

姑 (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune-Reischauer ko)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

姑 (cô, go, o)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.