姓

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Radical: 女 (woman) + 生 (born) ("the woman we were borne from gives us our name")

Han character

姓 (radical 38 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女竹手一 (VHQM), four-corner 4541₀, composition ⿰女生)

References

• KangXi: page 259, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6178
• Dae Jaweon: page 524, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1037, character 12
• Unihan data for U+59D3

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		姓

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xìng (xing⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sing³, seng³
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): siang
• Min Nan (POJ): sèⁿ / sìⁿ / sèng
• Wu (WT Romanisation): xin (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: xìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˋ
    • Wade-Giles: hsing⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinq
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ⁵¹/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sing³, seng³
    • Yale: sing, seng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sing³, seng³
    • IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ³³/, /sɛːŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siang
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /ɕi̯aŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèⁿ / sìⁿ / sèng
    • Tâi-lô: sènn / sìnn / sìng
    • IPA (Taipei): /sẽ¹¹/, /ɕĩ¹¹/, /ɕɪŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sẽ²¹/, /ɕĩ²¹/, /ɕɪŋ²¹/
  • Note: sèng is literary.
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: xin (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕɪɲ³⁴/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (姓, reconstructed)
Character (姓), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 心 (16) Final: 清 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 息正切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/siᴇŋH/	/si̯ɛŋH/	/siɛŋH/	/siɛŋH/	/siajŋH/	/sĭɛŋH/	/siæŋH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (姓, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
姓								xìng								‹ sjengH ›								/*seŋ-s/								surname
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
姓					11359					生					耕					0					性					/*sleŋs/

Noun

姓

1. family name; surname

   你的姓怎麼拼寫？ [MSC, trad.]

   你的姓怎么拼写？ [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ de xìng zěnme pīnxiě? [Pinyin]

   How do you spell your last name?

2. (archaic) clan

Verb

姓

1. to be surnamed, to be called (family name)

   您貴姓？ [MSC, trad.]

   您贵姓？ [MSC, simp.]

   Nín guì xìng? [Pinyin]

   What is your surname? (formal)

Synonyms

• 叫 ("to call, to be called")

Compounds

• 姓名
• 姓氏

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Japanese

Kanji

姓

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Goon: しょう (shō)
• Kan’on: せい (sei)
• Kun: かばね (kabane)

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Korean

Hanja

姓 (seong) (hangeul 성, revised seong, McCune-Reischauer sŏng)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

姓 (tính)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.