孝

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): 耂 + 子. Old Chinese pronunciations: 耂 *ruːʔ, 孝 *qʰruːs.

Alternative explanation: Ideogrammic compound (會意): 耂 (“an old man with long hair, bent over”) + 子 (“a child”) – an old man and a child, filial piety between generations. Compare top component to 老.

Han character

孝 (radical 39 子+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十大弓木 (JKND), four-corner 4440₇, composition ⿱耂子)

1. filial piety, obedience
2. mourning

Derived characters

• 教 酵 痚

Related characters

• 老

References

• KangXi: page 278, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6952
• Dae Jaweon: page 546, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1011, character 4
• Unihan data for U+5B5D

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Cantonese

Hanzi

孝 (Yale haau3)

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Japanese

Kanji

孝 (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: こう (kō), きょう (kyō)

Compounds

• 孝敬
• 孝行
• 孝情
• 孝心

Proper noun

孝 (hiragana たかし, romaji Takashi)

1. A male given name

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Korean

Hanja

孝 (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune-Reischauer hyo)

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Mandarin

Hanzi

孝 (pinyin xiào (xiao4), Wade-Giles hsiao⁴)

Compounds

• 孝道
• 孝服
• 孝敬
• 孝男
• 孝女
• 孝顺
• 孝堂
• 孝心
• 孝行
• 孝衣
• 孝子
• 孝子贤孙

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Middle Chinese

Han character

孝 (xàu)

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Vietnamese

Han character

孝 (hiếu, hếu)