學

See also: 学

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order (alternative)

Etymology

Ancient forms: 斆, 斅. The former is constructed from the skeleton of 敎/教 ("to teach") with the addition of two extra components: 1) a 臼-like component around the top-left 爻 part, signifying hands (hands-on learning); 2) a 冖 ("cover") over 子 ("child"), representing the cover of a building or school, i.e. the child learns in a roofed place. Shuowen regards 臼 as the phonetic component in the character, which is unlikely to be true according to current Old Chinese reconstructions. Variant: 斈 (文 "literature, writing" + 子 "child"). See 敎/教 for more.

Han character

學 (radical 39 子+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹月弓木 (HBND), four-corner 7740₇)

1. learning, knowledge
2. school

Descendants

• 学

References

• KangXi: page 280, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7033
• Dae Jaweon: page 549, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1019, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5B78

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Chinese

		-
trad.		學
simp.		学

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xué (xue²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hok⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): o̍h / ha̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: xué
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˊ
    • Wade-Giles: hsüeh²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyue
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕɥ̯œ³⁵/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hok⁶
    • Yale: hohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hok⁹
    • IPA ^(key): /hɔːk̚²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o̍h / ha̍k
    • Tâi-lô: o̍h / ha̍k
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɔʔ⁴/, /hak̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔʔ¹²¹/, /hak̚¹²¹/
  • Note: o̍h - vernacular, ha̍k - literary.

Middle Chinese pronunciation (學, reconstructed)
Character (學), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 匣 (33) Final: 覺 Division: II			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 胡覺切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ɦɣʌk̚/	/ɣɔk̚/	/ɣɔk̚/	/ɦɯɔk̚/	/ɦaɨwk̚/	/ɣɔk̚/	/ɣɔk̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (學, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
學								xué								‹ hæwk ›								/*m-kˤruk/								study; imitate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
學					14079					學					覺					1					學					/*ɡruːɡ/					甲文象習持爻於膝前，金文方加子

Verb

學

1. to study, to learn

   • 我父母親希望我學醫，但是我不願意 [MSC, trad.]

     我父母亲希望我学医，但是我不愿意 [MSC, simp.]

     wǒ fùmǔqīn xīwàng wǒ xué yī, dànshì wǒ bù yuànyì [Pinyin]

     My parents hoped I would study medicine, but I didn't want to.

   • 我打算學攝影。 [MSC, trad.]

     我打算学摄影。 [MSC, simp.]

     Wǒ dǎsuàn xué shèyǐng. [Pinyin]

     I plan to learn photography.

2. to imitate; to copy; to mimic

   • 我妹妹什麼都學我。 [MSC, trad.]

     我妹妹什么都学我。 [MSC, simp.]

     Wǒ mèimèi shénme dōu xué wǒ. [Pinyin]

     My little sister likes to copy everything I do.

   • 鸚鵡學人語。 [MSC, trad.]

     鹦鹉学人语。 [MSC, simp.]

     Yīngwǔ xué rén yǔ. [Pinyin]

     Parrots imitate human speech.

Synonyms

• 學習／学习 (xuéxí) to study, to learn
• 讀書／读书 (dúshū) to study
• 唸書／念书 (niànshū) (slang) to study

Suffix

學

1. science; -ology
   • 化學 / 化学  ―  huàxué  ―  chemistry
   • 生物學 / 生物学  ―  shēngwùxué  ―  biology

Compounds

Related terms

學報 學步 學部邯鄲 學部 學潮 學而不厭 學閥 學費 學分 學風 學府 學富五車 學好 學壞 學會 (xuéhuì) 學級 學籍

學界 學究 學科 (xuékē) 學理 學力 學歷 學齡 學路 學名 學年 學派 學期 (xuéqī) 學前班 學前教育 學前期 學區 學舌

學生 (xuéshēng) 學生會 學生氣 學生腔 學生手冊 學識 學時 (xuéshí) 學士 學術 學說 (xuéshuō) 學堂 學童 學徒 學徒工 學位 學問 學無常師

學習 (xuéxí) 學系 學校 (xuéxiào) 學兄 學養 學業 學以致用 (xué yǐ zhì yòng) 學藝 學友 學員 學院 (xuéyuàn) 學雜費 學子 學長 學者 (xuézhě) 學制

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Japanese

Kanji

學

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 学)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Goon: がく (gaku)
• Kan’on: がく (gaku)
• Kun: まなぶ (manabu)

Compounds

• 蘭學 (らんがく, rangaku)
• 學校 (がっこう, gakkō)
• 學生 (がくせい, gakusei)

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Korean

Hanja

學 (hak)
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 학 (revised: hak, McCune-Reischauer: hak, Yale: hak)

• Name (hangeul): 배우다 (revised: bae-uda, McCune-Reischauer: paeuda, Yale: pay.uta)

1. learn, take lessons, be taught, study

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Vietnamese

Han character

學 (học, hục)

1. to learn
2. to study