家

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See also 傢, 冢, and 冡

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
家-bw.png
Stroke order
家-order.gif

Phonosemantic interpretation[edit]

Old Chinese Initial /*k-/ lends semantic value Frame. Semantic indicator 宀 roof/building + 豕 pig/boar, here a variant of actual phono-semantic indicator 亥 (pig/boar stretched taut for slaughter) → pigs/boars confined in a hut or shed and awaiting slaughter. Present-day meanings are via association and extension. Source: Howell & Morimoto

Etymology[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 豕 (“pig”). 豕 is an abbreviation of 豭 (jiā, "male pig, boar") (Shuowen Jiezi), a homophone of 家 in Old Chinese (both *kˁra in the Baxter-Sagart system, 2011). 豭 is further composed of the phonetic part 叚 (jiǎ < OC *kˁraʔ, "to borrow") and the semantic part 豕 ("pig").

Han character[edit]

家 (radical 40 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十一尸人 (JMSO), four-corner 30232, composition ⿱宀豕)

  1. house, home, residence
  2. family
  3. (as a suffix): professional, expert, performer
  4. (as a suffix): a school of thought (儒家, 道家, 法家)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 286, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7169
  • Dae Jaweon: page 566, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 930, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+5BB6

Cantonese[edit]

Hanzi[edit]

家 (Yale ga1)

Japanese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

/ihe1/: [ipe] > [iɸe] > [iwe] > [ie]. Possibly related to io.

Noun[edit]

家 (hiragana いえ, romaji ie, historical hiragana いへ)

  1. a house
  2. one's own home
  3. a home; a household
  4. a family

Suffix[edit]

家 (hiragana か, romaji -ka)

  1. (as suffix) an expert, professional, performer

Etymology 2[edit]

Cognate with uchi.

Noun[edit]

家 (hiragana うち, romaji uchi)

  1. a house
  2. one's house

Suffix[edit]

家 (hiragana け, romaji -ke)

  1. a suffix representing relationship to a family
    平家
    たいらけ
    Taira-ke
    the Taira family

Etymology 3[edit]

A contraction of uchi > chi. Often following the genitive case marker no which contracts to n.

Noun[edit]

家 (hiragana ち, romaji chi)

  1. house
    俺ん家に来ない？
    おれんちにこない？
    orenchi ni konai?
    Wanna come to my place?

Noun[edit]

家 (hiragana や, romaji ya)

  1. house

Suffix[edit]

家 (hiragana や, romaji -ya)

  1. house of something, place where some business is conducted
  2. person who does that thing

Kanji[edit]

家 (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

家 (hangeul 가, 고, revised ga, go, McCune-Reischauer ka, ko)

Compounds[edit]

Mandarin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanzi[edit]

家 (pinyin jiā (jia1), Wade-Giles chia1)

  1. house
  2. home
  3. family

Compounds[edit]

Noun[edit]

家 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin jiā)

  1. home
  2. family

Synonyms[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

家 (gia, nhà)

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