封

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

丰 (“field, ear of grass”) + 寸 (“control”)

In modern form, left component is written instead as 圭 (土土), with two vertical strokes, rather than as 丰 (one vertical stroke).

Han character

封 (radical 41 寸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 土土木戈 (GGDI), four-corner 4410₀, composition ⿰圭寸)

1. Counter or measure word for letter, envelope, or e-mail.
2. feudal
3. (literary) to assign a rank of nobility (done in ancient times by the emperor)
4. a surname

References

• KangXi: page 294, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7426
• Dae Jaweon: page 581, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 504, character 14
• Unihan data for U+5C01

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		封

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fēng (feng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fung¹
• Min Nan (POJ): pang / hong

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: fēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: fêng¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feng
    • IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fung¹
    • Yale: fūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fung¹
    • IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pang / hong
    • Tâi-lô: pang / hong
    • IPA (Taipei): /paŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /paŋ³⁴/, /hɔŋ³⁴/
  • Note: pang - vernacular, hong - literary.

Middle Chinese pronunciation (封, reconstructed)
Character (封), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 幫 (1) Final: 鍾 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 府容切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/pɨoŋ/	/pi̯woŋ/	/pioŋ/	/pioŋ/	/puawŋ/	/pĭwoŋ/	/pioŋ/
Character (封), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 幫 (1) Final: 鍾 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 方用切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/pɨoŋH/	/pi̯woŋH/	/pioŋH/	/pioŋH/	/puawŋH/	/pĭwoŋH/	/pioŋH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (封, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
封								fēng								‹ pjowng ›								/*p(r)oŋ/								raise a mound; enfeoff
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
封					3253					封					東					0					封					/*poŋ/					甲文同豐金文加又或寸轉註，表封土植木爲封疆
封					3259					封					東					0					葑					/*poŋs/

Compounds

• 封墊

References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

封

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to seal, to close

Readings

• Goon: ふう (fū)
• Kan’on: ほう (hō)

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Korean

Hanja

封 (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune-Reischauer pong)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

封 (phong)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.