尺

Translingual

Han character

尺 (radical 44 尸+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 尸人 (SO), four-corner 7780₇)

1. A traditional measurement of length in East Asia based on the human forearm, usually roughly equivalent to ¹/₃ of a meter and glossed in English as a 'foot'

Derived characters

• 沢 訳 迟 呎

References

• KangXi: page 299, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7632
• Dae Jaweon: page 595, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 964, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5C3A

See also

• 丈
• 寸
• 分

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		尺

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chǐ, chě (chi³, che³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔˇ, ㄔㄜˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ce², cek³
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): chhak
• Min Nan (POJ): chhioh / chhek / chhe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: chǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄔˇ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'ih³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyy
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/

    • (file)

      
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: chě
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˇ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'ê³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chee
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ce², cek³
    • Yale: ché, chek
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tse², tsek⁸
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛː³⁵/, /t͡sʰɛːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhak
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cag5
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhioh / chhek / chhe
    • Tâi-lô: tshioh / tshik / tshe
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ³²/, /t͡ɕʰɪk̚³²/, /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ³²/, /t͡ɕʰɪk̚³²/, /t͡sʰe³⁴/
  • Note: chhioh, chhe - vernacular, chhek - literary.

Middle Chinese pronunciation (尺, reconstructed)
Character (尺), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 昌 (24) Final: 昔 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 昌石切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/	/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/	/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/	/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/	/cʰiajk̚/	/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/	/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (尺, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
尺								chǐ								‹ tsyhek ›								/*tʰAk/								foot (measure)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
尺					1461					尺					鐸					0					尺					/*tʰjaɡ/

Noun

尺

1. The chi or Chinese foot, a traditional Chinese unit of distance based on the human forearm and equal to 10 cun (寸) or ¹/₁₀ zhang (丈)
2. The mainland chi or Chinese foot, standardized in 1984 as ¹/₃ of a meter
3. (Taiwan) The Taiwanese chi or Chinese foot, standardized as ¹⁰/₃₃ of a meter and identical to the Japanese shaku
4. (Hong Kong) The chek or Hong Kong foot, standardized as 0.371475 meters
5. (informal) a US or Imperial foot

See also

• 丈, 寸, 分

References

• (Hakka) Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary
• (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.
• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕaku/

Noun

尺 (hiragana しゃく, romaji shaku)

1. The shaku, "metal shaku", or Japanese foot: a traditional Japanese unit of length equal to 10 sun (寸) or ¹/₁₀ jō (丈), standardized as ¹⁰/₃₃ of a meter
   • 931-938, Wamyō Ruijushō (book 6 page 46)

     尺 [...] 廣本無上字、説文、尺十寸也、人手却十分動脈爲寸口、十寸爲尺、尺所以指尺規榘事也从尸从乙、乙所識也、今俗呼佐之或呼毛乃佐之 [...]

   • c. 1177-1188: Iroha Jiruishō (volume 9, page 55)

     尺 シャク　十寸為尺

   • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 741)

     Xacu. シャク (尺) 1 palmoよりも少し長い, ある尺度. 例, Ixxacu, nixacu. (一尺, 二尺) Xacuuo toru. l, xacudoru. (尺を取る. または, 尺取る) 上述のようなpalmoを単位として寸法を計る.

2. The "whale shaku", a variant of the shaku used in measuring cloth equal to ¹²⁵/₃₃₀ of a meter
3. length
4. (zoology) The geometer moth (Geometra papilionaria)
   • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 741)

     Xacu. l, xacumuxi. シャク. または, しゃくむし (尺. または, 尺虫) 歩くときに身を縮めたりしながら進む一種の小虫. Xacude taiuo tçuru. (尺で鯛を釣る) 諺. この小虫で鯛を釣って取る人のように, 小さなもので大きなものを手に入れる.

5. (zoology) The inchworm

Idioms

• 尺で鯛を釣る (shaku de tai o tsuru)

Etymology 2

Compound of bound taka (“bamboo”) and hakari, voiced due to compounding.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /takabakari/

Alternative forms

• 竹量
• 鷹秤

Noun

尺 (hiragana たかばかり, romaji takabakari)

1. a bamboo measure
   • 931-938, Wamyō Ruijushō (book 6 page 46)

     尺 魏武上雜物䟽云、象牙尺、齒亦反、辨色立成云、尺竹量也、太加波可利

Etymology 3

Kanji

尺

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Goon: しゃく (shaku)
• Kan’on: せき (seki) (non-Jōyō reading)
• Kun: ものさし (monosashi)

Compounds

• 尺八 (shakuhachi)

References

• 1980 [1603–1604], Tadao Doi, Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-0008-0021-3:
• 1968 May 2 [931-938], Shitagō Minamoto; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu, Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, ISBN 4-653-00507-9:

• 1971 [c. 1177-1188], Tachibana Tadakane; Atsuo Masamune (ed.), Iroha Jiruishō (in Japanese), Kazama Shobō:

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Korean

Hanja

尺 (cheok) (hangeul 척, revised cheok, McCune-Reischauer ch'ŏk, Yale chek)

1. (자) Korean foot (30.3cm)
2. (자) measure
3. (길이) length

Compounds

• 尺蠖 (척확, cheoghwag) measuring worm, inchworm, spanworm, looper

• 曲尺 (곡척, gogcheog) steel square, carpenter's square

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Vietnamese

Han character

尺 (xích, xách, xế, xệch, xịch, sệch, xạch)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

References

• Nom Foundation