平

See also: 乎

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

平
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

平 (radical 51 干+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一火十 (MFJ), four-corner 1040₉, composition ⿻干丷)

1. flat, level, even
2. calm, peace, peaceful
3. pacification, pacified territory (used in place names of conquered lands)
4. A family name, number 95 of the Baijiaxing
5. A given name

Usage notes

The two dots 丷 formerly appeared inverted like 八. However, computer encodings of Chinese do not distinguish the two forms separately.

Derived characters

• 坪
• 秤
• 評
• 鮃

Synonyms

• (even): 坦
• (calm): 安, 泰

See also

• 乎

References

• KangXi: page 339, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9167
• Dae Jaweon: page 646, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 407, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5E73

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		平

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bīng, píng, Píng (bing¹, ping², Ping²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄥ, ㄆㄧㄥˊ, ㄆㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): peng⁴, ping⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): pêⁿ / pîⁿ / piâⁿ / pêng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: bīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: ping¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bing
    • IPA ^(key): /piŋ⁵⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: píng
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ
    • Wade-Giles: p'ing²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyng
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: Píng
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ
    • Wade-Giles: p'ing²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Pyng
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: peng⁴, ping⁴
    • Yale: pèhng, pìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: peng⁴, ping⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰɛːŋ²¹/, /pʰɪŋ²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pêⁿ / pîⁿ / piâⁿ / pêng
    • Tâi-lô: pênn / pînn / piânn / pîng
    • IPA (Taipei): /pẽ²³/, /pĩ²³/, /piã²³/, /pɪŋ²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pẽ¹³/, /pĩ¹³/, /piã¹³/, /pɪŋ¹³/
  • Note: pêⁿ, pîⁿ, piâⁿ - vernacular, pêng - literary.

Middle Chinese pronunciation (平, reconstructed)
Character (平), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 並 (3) Final: 仙 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 房連切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/biᴇn/	/bʱi̯ɛn/	/biɛn/	/biɛn/	/bian/	/bĭɛn/	/bjæn/
Character (平), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 並 (3) Final: 庚 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 符兵切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/bɣiæŋ/	/bʱi̯ɐŋ/	/biɐŋ/	/bɯiaŋ/	/biajŋ/	/bĭɐŋ/	/biaŋ/

Old Chinese pronunciation (平, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
平								pián								‹ bjien ›								/*[b]en/								distinguish; punctiious
平								píng								‹ bjæng ›								/*breŋ/								even (adj.)
平								píng								‹ bjæng ›								/*m-breŋ/								make even
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
平					9812					平					元					2					便					/*ben/
平					9818					平					耕					0					平					/*beŋ/

Adjective

平

1. (Cantonese) cheap

Compounds

平安 平白 平板 平板车 平版 平辈 平步青云 平槽 平常 平川 平旦 平淡 平等 平底鞋 平地 平地风波 平地楼台 平地木 平地一声雷 平定 平动 平凡 平反 平泛 平方 平方根 平方公里 平房 平分 平分秋色 平伏 平服 平复 平跟, 平跟儿 平光 平和 平衡 平衡木 平滑

平滑肌 平话 平缓 平价 平角 平静 平局 平均 平均利润 平均数 平均主义 平空 平旷 平阔 平列 平流 平流层 平乱 平落 平米 平面 平面几何 平面交叉 平面镜 平面图 平民 平年 平叛 平平 平平当当 平铺直叙 平起平坐 平权 平日 平绒 平射 平射炮

平伸 平生 平声 平时 平实 平世 平视 平手, 平手儿 平顺 平素 平台 平摊 平坦 平添 平头 平头百姓 平头正脸, 平头正脸儿 平妥 平纹 平稳 平屋 平昔 平息 平晓 平心而论 平心静气 平信 平行 平行四边形 平行线 平行作业 平阳 平野 平移

平议 平抑 平易 平易近人 平庸 平邮 平鱼 平原 平月 平匀 平允 平仄 平展 平展展, 平展展的 平整 平正 平治 平装 平足 平假名 平埔

References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

平

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Goon: びょう (byō)
• Kan’on: へい (hei)
• Kan’yōon: ひょう (hyō)
• On (unclassified): べん (ben)
• Kun: たいら (taira), ひら (hira), ひらたい (hiratai)

Meanings

1. even
2. common
3. insensitive

Compounds

• 平仮名
• (even): 平坦, 平面, 水平
• (common): 平社員, 平常, 平日
• (insensitive): 平気, 平然

Proper noun

平 (hiragana たいら, romaji Taira, historical hiragana たひら)

1. A surname​.
2. A male given name

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Korean

Hanja

平 (pyeong, pyeon) (hangeul 평, 편, revised pyeong, pyeon, McCune-Reischauer p'yŏng, p'yŏn)

1. (평평하다, pyeongpyeong-hada) to be flat, level, plane

Derived terms

• 平凡 (평범하다, pyeong-beom-hada) to be plain, common
• 平野 (평야, pyeong-ya) plain
• 平壤 (평양, pyeong-yang) the capital city of North Korea
• 平和 (평화, pyeong-hwa) peace

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Vietnamese

Han character

平 (bình, bằng, bường, biền)

Compounds

• 平安 bình an
• 高平 Cao Bằng
• 平平 biền biền (cf. Thiều Chửu )
• 平常 bình thường

• This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Nôm: bình, bằng, bường

References

• Thiều Chửu: Hán Việt Tự Điển, Hà Nội, 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Nom Foundation