弓

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See also 弖, and 弔

Contents

Translingual [edit]

Stroke order
弓-order.gif

Etymology [edit]

Pictogram (象形)

弓 弓 弓 弓
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script

Han character [edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 57 弓

弓 (radical 57 弓+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓 (N), four-corner 17207)

  1. bow
  2. curved, arched
  3. KangXi radical number 57

See also [edit]

Descendants [edit]

References [edit]

  • KangXi: page 356, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9692
  • Dae Jaweon: page 671, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 987, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5F13

Cantonese [edit]

Hanzi [edit]

弓 (jyutping gung1, Yale gung1)

Hakka [edit]

Hanzi [edit]

弓 (POJ kiung, Guangdong kiung1, Hagfa Pinyim giung1)

References [edit]

Japanese [edit]

Kanji [edit]

弓 (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings [edit]

Etymology 1 [edit]

From Old Japanese. In modern Japanese, only found as a prefix in compounds.[1][2]

Pronunciation [edit]

Prefix [edit]

弓 (hiragana ゆ, romaji yu)

  1. a bow, a bow shape
Derived terms [edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 2 [edit]

弓 (yumi): Four different types of bow.
弓 (yu, yumi, tarashi, kyū): Japanese bows, arrows, and arrow-stand.

Appears to be Old Japanese yu + suffixing element mi, itself of uncertain derivation.

Pronunciation [edit]

Noun [edit]

弓 (hiragana ゆみ, romaji yumi)

  1. a bow:
    1. (weaponry) a bow for shooting arrows
    2. (music) a bow for playing a stringed instrument such as a violin or cello
  2. archery
  3. (Shintō) a type of kagura (sacred Shinto song and dance) intended to drive away evil
  4. short for 破魔弓 (hama yumi): a ceremonial archery bow with the power to dispel evil
  5. a bow shape, a curve
  6. a bow-shaped tool used to beat ginned cotton into a softer and finer textile
Coordinate terms [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
Derived terms
External links [edit]

Etymology 3 [edit]

Alteration from torashi, 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb torasu, from tora as the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 取る (toru, “to take”) + す (su, honorific suffix in Old Japanese). Original meaning was “something kept to hand”.[1][2]

Pronunciation [edit]

Alternative forms [edit]

Noun [edit]

弓 (hiragana たらし, romaji tarashi)

  1. (rare, honorific) an archery bow, particularly one belonging to a noble
Synonyms [edit]

Etymology 4 [edit]

From Middle Chinese 弓 (*giung).[1][2] Compare modern Mandarin 弓 (gōng).

Pronunciation [edit]

Noun [edit]

弓 (hiragana きゅう, romaji kyū)

  1. (rare) a bow
  2. (obsolete) in ancient Chinese archery, a unit of length for measuring the distance between the archer and the target; one kyū was equal to six 尺 (shaku), roughly six feet or 182 centimeters
  3. (obsolete) in ancient China, a unit of length for surveying land; one kyū was equal to eight 尺 (shaku), roughly eight feet or 242 centimeters
Usage notes [edit]

In modern Japanese, the reading kyū is most often found in compounds.

Derived terms [edit]
Derived terms

References [edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean [edit]

弓
the shape of the Hun bow

Hanja [edit]

弓
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul): 궁 (revised: gung, McCune-Reischauer: kung, Yale: kwung)
  • Name (hangeul): 활()
  1. (활:궁, hwal:gung): bow (for shooting arrows)

Compounds [edit]

Related terms [edit]

See also [edit]

Mandarin [edit]

Hanzi [edit]

弓 (pinyin gōng (gong1), Wade-Giles kung1)

Compounds [edit]

Middle Chinese [edit]

Han character [edit]

弓 (*giung)

Vietnamese [edit]

Han character [edit]

弓 (cung, cong, củng)

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