必

Translingual

Etymology

Etymology unclear – an ideogram or pictogram of some sort. Unrelated to 心, as bronze script makes clear, but in current form very similar.

Han character

必 (radical 61 心+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 心竹 (PH), four-corner 3300₀, composition ⿻心丿)

1. surely, most certainly
2. must

Derived characters

• 宓 祕 秘 泌

See also

• 心

References

• KangXi: page 375, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10299
• Dae Jaweon: page 701, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2267, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5FC5

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		必

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bì (bi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bit¹
• Min Nan (POJ): pit

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: bì
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
    • Wade-Giles: pih⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
    • IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: bit¹
    • Yale: bīt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bit⁷
    • IPA ^(key): /piːt̚⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pit
    • Tâi-lô: pit
    • IPA (Taipei): /pit̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pit̚³²/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (必, reconstructed)
Character (必), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 幫 (1) Final: 質 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 卑吉切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/piɪt̚/	/pi̯ĕt̚/	/piĕt̚/	/pit̚/	/pit̚/	/pĭĕt̚/	/pjet̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (必, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
必								bì								‹ pjit ›								/*pi[t]/								necessarily
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
必					568					必					質					2					必					/*pliɡ/

Definitions

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

   耶和華神對蛇說，你既作了這事，就必受咒詛，比一切的牲畜野獸更甚。你必用肚子行走，終身吃土。 [MSC, trad.]

   耶和华神对蛇说，你既作了这事，就必受咒诅，比一切的牲畜野兽更甚。你必用肚子行走，终身吃土。 [MSC, simp.]

   Yēhéhuá shén duì shé shuō, nǐ jì zuò le zhè shì, jiù bì shòu zhòuzǔ, bǐ yīqiè de shēngchù yĕshòu gèng shén. Nǐ bì yòng dùzi xíng zǒu, zhōngshēn chī tǔ. [Pinyin]

   And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed [must receive a curse] above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life.

Compounds

• 必須／必须

References

• Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

必

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• On: ひつ (hitsu)
• Kun: かならず (必ず, kanarazu)
• Nanori: さだ (sada), さだむ (sadamu)

Compounds

必ず (kanarazu): necessarily, certainly 必ずしも (kanarazushimo): not always 必携 (hikkei): handbook, manual 必死 (hisshi): frantic, desperate 必需 (hitsuju): necessary 必需品 (hitsujuhin): necessities

必殺 (hissatsu): definite kill 必修 (hisshū): required (subject) 必勝 (hisshō): certain victory 必須 (hissu): indispensable, required 必須条件 (hissu jōken): essential condition 必然 (hitsuzen): inevitable, necessary 必然的 (hitsuzenteki): inevitable, necessary

必着 (hitchaku): must arrive 必読 (hitsudoku): should be read by all 必要 (hitsuyō): necessity, need 必要性 (hitsuyōsei): necessity 必読書 (hitsudokusho): required reading 不必要 (fuhitsuyō): unnecessary 必死になって (hisshi ni natte): desperately 必見 (hikken): a must-see

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Korean

Hanja

必 (pil) (hangeul 필, revised pil, McCune-Reischauer p'il, Yale phil)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

必 (tất, ắt)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.