慣

See also: 惯

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 貫 – habit is what one does by heart.

Han character

慣 (radical 61 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心田十金 (PWJC), four-corner 9708₆, composition ⿰忄貫)

Descendants

• 惯

References

• KangXi: page 399, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11111
• Dae Jaweon: page 739, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2349, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6163

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Chinese

		-
trad.		慣
simp.		惯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guàn (guan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaan³
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): koan
• Min Nan (POJ): kòan

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: guàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˋ
    • Wade-Giles: kuan⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guann
    • IPA ^(key): /ku̯a̠n⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwaan³
    • Yale: gwaan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwaan³
    • IPA ^(key): /kʷɑːn³³/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koan
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /ku̯an⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòan
    • Tâi-lô: kuàn
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuan¹¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (慣, reconstructed)
Character (慣), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 見 (28) Final: 刪 Division: II			Openness: Closed Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 古患切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/kɣuanH/	/kwanH/	/kuanH/	/kʷɯanH/	/kwaɨnH/	/kwanH/	/kuɐnH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (慣, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
慣								guàn								‹ kwænH ›								/*kˤro[n]-s/								accustomed to
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
慣					4471					毌					元					3					慣					/*kroːns/					爾雅作貫，貫轉註字

Definitions

慣

1. habit, custom
2. habitually, usually

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Japanese

Kanji

慣

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Goon: けん (ken)
• Kan’on: かん (kan)
• Kun: なれる (nareru), ならわし (narawashi), ならす (narasu)

Compounds

• 慣行
• 慣習
• 慣性
• 慣用
• 慣例
• 習慣

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Korean

Hanja

慣 (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune-Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

慣 (quán, quen)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.