慬

Translingual

Han character

慬 (radical 61 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心廿中一 (PTLM), four-corner 9401₄, composition ⿰忄堇)

1. brave
2. cautious
3. sad

References

• KangXi: page 399, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11129
• Dae Jaweon: page 739, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2344, character 16
• Unihan data for U+616C

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		慬

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qín, jǐn (qin², jin³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ, ㄐㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kan⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: qín
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'in²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ
    • Wade-Giles: chin³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiin
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: kan⁴
    • Yale: kàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kan⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰɐn²¹/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (慬, reconstructed)
Character (慬), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 群 (30) Final: 欣 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 巨斤切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ɡɨn/	/gi̯ən/	/ɡiən/	/ɡɨn/	/gɨn/	/ɡĭən/	/ɡiən/
Character (慬), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 見 (28) Final: 欣 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 居隱切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/kɨnX/	/ki̯ənX/	/kiənX/	/kɨnX/	/kɨnX/	/kĭənX/	/kiənX/

Old Chinese pronunciation (慬, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
慬								jìn								‹ gjɨn ›								/*[ɡ]ər/								courageous
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
慬					6748					堇					文					1					謹					/*kɯnʔ/
慬					6750					堇					文					1					勤					/*ɡɯn/

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Japanese

Kanji

慬

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On: きん (kin), ごん (gon), こん (kon)
• Kun: かなしむ (kanashimu)

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Vietnamese

Han character

• Hán Việt: cỡn

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