打

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 丁

This word was pronounced *teŋ in Old Chinese, as would be expected from a 丁 phonetic. (The word was previously written with 丁 itself before the addition of the 扌 component.) By the early Ming period, the character had been borrowed for another word with the same meaning but a different pronunciation (Middle Chinese ta). There appears to be no etymological relationship between the two words. In Chinese, the new reading became standard; however, derivations of the older pronunciation are still used in Japanese (ちょう chō, てい tei) and Vietnamese (đánh).

Han character

打 (radical 64 手+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 手一弓 (QMN), four-corner 5102₀)

1. strike, hit, beat
2. fight
3. attack
4. shoot (i.e. a firearm, as in 打枪)
5. fetch

References

• KangXi: page 417, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11781
• Dae Jaweon: page 763, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1825, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6253

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Cantonese

Hanzi

打 (Yale da1, da2)

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Japanese

Kanji

打 (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: だ (da), ちょう (chou), てい (tei)
• Kun: うつ (utsu), うち (uchi) ダース (dāsu, dozen)

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Korean

Hanja

打 (hangeul 타, 정, revised ta, jeong, McCune-Reischauer t'a, chŏng, Yale tha, ceng)

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Mandarin

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Hanzi

打 (pinyin dá (da2), dǎ (da3), Wade-Giles ta², ta³)

Compounds

• 吹打, wind and percussion music
• 打击
• 打气, 打氣 (dǎ qì) to inflate; to pump up
• 打电话, 打電話 (dǎ diàn huà) to make a phone call
• 打针,打針 (dǎ zhēn) to inject

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Middle Chinese

Han character

打 (děng)

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Vietnamese

Han character

打 (đả, đánh, dừng, đử)