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U+63F4, 援
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63F4

[U+63F3]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+63F5]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 64, +9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手月一水 (QBME), four-corner 52047, composition )

  1. aid, assist
  2. lead
  3. cite

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 445, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12407
  • Dae Jaweon: page 795, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1921, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+63F4

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms


𠋠

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɢʷans, *ɢʷan) : semantic (hand) + phonetic (OC *ɢʷan).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • uòng - “to pull”;
  • uông - “to aid”.
Note:
  • oân/oān/hoān - literary;
  • hoāⁿ - vernacular;
  • oan - vernacular (俗).

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (35) (35)
Final () (66) (80)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter hjwon hjwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦʉɐn/ /ɦˠiuᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷiɐn/ /ɦʷᵚiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣiuɐn/ /ɣiuænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦuan/ /ɦwianH/
Li
Rong
/ɣiuɐn/ /ɣjuɛnH/
Wang
Li
/ɣĭwɐn/ /ɣĭwɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯wɐn/ /i̯wɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yuán yuàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyun4 jyun6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yuán
Middle
Chinese
‹ hjwon ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ʷa[n]/
English pull up

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 16167 16175
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɢʷans/ /*ɢʷan/

Definitions

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  1. to pull; to tow; to haul
      ―  pānyuán  ―  to climb; to clamber; to scale
  2. to hold; to grasp
  3. to aid; to assist; to help
      ―  jiùyuán  ―  to rescue
      ―  yuánzhù  ―  to aid
      ―  yuánjūn  ―  relief troops
  4. to quote; to cite
      ―  yuányǐn  ―  to cite
      ―  yuán  ―  to cite a convention or precedent
  5. to recommend (a person)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1][2][3]

援󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
援󠄃
+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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From Middle Chinese (MC hjwon); compare Mandarin (yuán):

  • Go-on: おん (on)をん (won, historical)
  • Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)ゑん (wen, historical)

From Middle Chinese (MC hjwenH); compare Mandarin (yuàn):

From native Japanese roots:

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
えん
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC hjwon|hjwenH).

Pronunciation

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Affix

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(えん) (enゑん (wen)?

  1. pull; draw
  2. aid; assist; help

References

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  1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
  2. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 971 (paper), page 535 (digital)
  3. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 595 (paper), page 310 (digital)

Korean

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Hanja

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(won) (hangeul , revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

  1. aid, assist
  2. lead
  3. cite

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: viện, vén, vẹn, vẻn, vịn, vin, vờn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.