木

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See also: ホ and 禾

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
木-bw.png
Stroke order
木-order.gif

Etymology[edit]

Pictogram (象形) – a tree: branches on top, roots on the bottom (more visible in earlier forms).

木 木 木 木
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script

Han character[edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 75 木

木 (radical 75 木+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 木 (D), four-corner 40900, composition ⿻十八)

  1. tree
  2. wood, lumber
  3. wooden

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 509, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14415
  • Dae Jaweon: page 888, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1149, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6728

Chinese[edit]

-
simp. and trad.
 木

Pronunciation[edit]

Middle Chinese pronunciation (木, reconstructed)
Character (木), Pronunciation 1/1

Initial: 明 (4)
Final: 屋
Division: I

Openness: Open
Tone: Checked (Ø)

 Fanqie: 莫卜切
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 Bernard
Karlgren		 Li
Rong		 Pan
Wuyun		 Edwin
Pulleyblank		 Wang
Li		 Shao
Rongfen
/muk̚/ /muk̚/ /muk̚/ /muk̚/ /məwk̚/ /muk̚/ /muk̚/
Old Chinese pronunciation (木, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character Modern Beijing
(Pinyin)		 Middle Chinese Old Chinese English
木 mù ‹ muwk › /*C.mˤok/ tree, wood

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

  • Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
  • Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
  • Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
  • Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
  • Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character No. Phonetic
component		 Rime
group		 Rime
subdivision		 Corresponding
MC rime		 Old Chinese Notes
木 9327 木 屋 0 木 /*moːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

木

  1. tree
  2. wood; timber
  3. simple, plain
  4. coffin
    • 棺木 ("coffin")
    • 就木 ("to die (to enter one's coffin)")

Adjective[edit]

木

  1. wooden
  2. numb


Compounds[edit]
Related terms

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

See also:
木

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

/ki2/: [kɨ], from [ki]

From Old Japanese. Likely developed from fusion of older form ko + い (i, emphatic nominative particle), similar to the sound changes at work in 神 in the shift from kamu to kami.

Now the modern Japanese word.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

木 (hiragana き, romaji ki)

  1. a tree; a shrub
  2. wood, timber, lumber
  3. (graph theory, computer science) a tree (data structure)
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Old Japanese. Possibly an intermediate form. Obsolete in modern Japanese, and never found in isolation; remains in certain place names. Even in ancient times, its use was apparently limited to eastern dialects.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

木 (hiragana け, romaji ke)

  1. a tree
    麻都能氣乃 奈美多流美礼波 伊波妣等乃 和例乎美於久流等 多々理之母己呂[2]
    松の木の 並みたる見れば 家人の 我れを見送ると 立たりしもころ
    まつのけの なみたるみれば いはびとの われをみおくると たたりしもころ
    Matsu no ke no / namitaru mireba / iwabito no / ware o miokuru to / tatari shi mokoro
    Looking at the pine trees all in a row, they were just like the people from the household standing to see me off

Etymology 3[edit]

/ko2/: [kə], from [ko̞]

Old Japanese. Likely the original form. Obsolete in modern Japanese, and never found in isolation; only found in compounds and certain idioms.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

木 (hiragana こ, romaji ko)

  1. a tree
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 4[edit]

From Middle Chinese 木 (muwk). The goon reading, so likely the original borrowing. Compare modern Cantonese 木 (muk⁶).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

木 (hiragana もく, romaji moku)

  1. a tree
  2. short for 木曜日 (​Mokuyōbi): Thursday
    When written in romaji, often capitalized as ​Moku.
  3. wood grain
    Often written 杢.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 5[edit]

From Middle Chinese 木. The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare literary Min Nan 木 (bo̍k).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

木 (-na inflection, hiragana ぼく, romaji boku)

  1. (derogatory) wooden, as of a person's character or behavior
  2. (derogatory) wooden, as of a person's mental abilities: blockheaded, stupid, dimwitted

Noun[edit]

木 (hiragana ぼく, romaji boku)

  1. a tree; more specifically, a living tree
  2. the bent and gnarled trunk or roots of an old tree
  3. wood, lumber
  4. something made of wood
  5. in ancient China, a wooden musical instrument
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ^ c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4375); text here

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

木 (mok)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul): 목 (revised: mok, McCune-Reischauer: mok, Yale: mok)
  • Name (hangeul): 나무 (revised: namu, McCune-Reischauer: namu, Yale: namu)
  1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.
  1. (나무 목, namu-): wood
  2. (as an abbreviation) Thursday

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

木 (mộc, móc, mọc, mốc, mục)

  1. tree
  2. wood
  3. coffin
  4. numbness
  5. jackfruit: Mộc ba la　
  6. rose of Sharon: Mộc cẩn
  7. magnolia: Mộc lan
  8. papaya: Mộc qua
  9. the kudzu fruit: Mộc thự
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