柄
Contents
Translingual[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 丙 – a wooden handle.
Han character[edit]
柄 (radical 75 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木一人月 (DMOB), four-corner 41927, composition ⿰木丙)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 518, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14603
- Dae Jaweon: page 906, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1179, character 2
- Unihan data for U+67C4
Cantonese[edit]
Hanzi[edit]
柄 (Jyutping beng3, bing3, Yale beng3, bing3)
- This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove
{{defn}}.
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Goon: ひょう (hyō), (historical) ひやう (hyau)
- Kan’on: へい (hei)
- Kan’yōon: ひ (hi)
- Kun: え (e), かび (kabi), かい (kai), から (kara), がら (gara), つか (tsuka), つく (tsuku)
- Nanori: から (kara), ら (ra)
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| え Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Change in meaning from 枝 (e, historically ye, “branch, stem”).[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
Idioms[edit]
- 柄の無い所に柄をすげる (e no nai tokoro ni e o sugeru): “to attach a handle where there isn't one” → to strain credibility with one's words, to talk out one's ass
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| かび Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Used in the Kojiki. Generally regarded as cognate with 黴 (kabi, “mold”), from the shared idea of sprouts or shoots. Appears to be noun stem of Old Japanese verb かぶ (kabu) (source of modern Japanese 黴る, kabiru, “to go moldy”), with probable original meaning of to sprout.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (archaic) a sprout
- (archaic) an ear of grain, particularly of rice
- (archaic) the handle or grip of a tool, or hilt of a blade (by extension from the idea of “a smaller portion sticking out from the main body” like a sprout)
Usage notes[edit]
The grain sense is more commonly spelled 穎.
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| かい Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
/kabi/ → /kai/
Alteration of kabi.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
柄 (hiragana かい, romaji kai, historical hiragana かひ)
- (archaic) see kabi above
Etymology 4[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| から Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Origin of particle から (kara, “from, because”).[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
- of the same lineage
- the inherent qualities or characteristics of a thing
Usage notes[edit]
The lineage sense is often found embedded in other words, such as the first few of the following.
Derived terms[edit]
|
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Often followed by the particle に (ni). This usage evolved into the modern particle から (kara, “from, because”).[1]
Etymology 5[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| から Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
In light of the stem sense, probably derived semantically from origin, source meanings.
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Counter[edit]
- used to count items with shafts
Noun[edit]
Prefix[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
The shaft sense is often found embedded in other words, such as the following, which are often spelled with other kanji.
Derived terms[edit]
|
Etymology 6[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| がら Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Alteration of kara, “qualities, characteristics”. Originally only found as a suffix. The kara changes to gara due to rendaku (連濁). The rendaku pronunciation was then later used independently.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
- the inherent qualities or characteristics of a thing
- a shape, pattern, or design
Derived terms[edit]
|
Noun[edit]
- one's physical shape or build
- 柄の大きいやつだな。
- Gara no ōkii yatsu da na.
- Wow, he's sure built big.
- 柄の大きいやつだな。
- one's character, personality, or temperament
- 柄の悪い人
- gara no warui hito
- a person with a bad character
- 柄の悪い人
- a pattern or design, such as on cloth
- あの柄は派手過ぎるよ。
- Ano gara wa hade-sugiru yo.
- That pattern is way too colorful.
- あの柄は派手過ぎるよ。
Synonyms[edit]
Idioms[edit]
- 柄にもない (gara ni mo nai): “not even in one's character” → just not in one, just not suitable for one's character or abilities
Etymology 7[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| つか Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Cognate with 束 (tsuka, ancient unit of length, equivalent to the amount covered from pinky to forefinger when gripping something; analogous to English hand).[1]
Both likely derive from verb 付く (tsuku, “to set to, to attach, to accompany”), particularly as seen in modern Japanese idioms such as 手を付ける (te o tsukeru, “to set one's hand to something”), 手が付く (te ga tsuku, “to start using something”, literally “one's hand sets on something”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- the hilt of a sword or knife, or the grip of a bow or staff
- the portion of a brush pen held in the hand
- a penis
Idioms[edit]
- 柄を握る (tsuka o nigiru): “to hold the grip” → to stay the course in a career or trade and become an old master
- 柄を取る (tsuka o toru): “to take the grip” → to stay the course in a career or trade and become an old master
Etymology 8[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| つく Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Nominalization of verb 付く (tsuku, “to attach”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
- the nock on either end of a bow where the bowstring rests
- a bent nail or other kind of spike attached to or driven through an iron staff or a truncheon to make the weapon more dangerous
- the areas on either end of a yoke or other carrying pole where cordage or rope is attached, from which the load is carried
- the grip of a tiller, boathook, or other pole
- (as a pun on the verb sense of stick to, attach) a female entertainer's or prostitute's secret lover
Usage notes[edit]
The grip sense is not spelled using the alternative forms, and is only spelled 柄 in kanji.
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 9[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
| 柄 |
| ほぞ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Ateji or misspelling for uncommon 表外字 (hyōgaiji, “non-standard character”) kanji 枘 (hozo, “navel”, also generic term for something that protrudes slightly). Note that the right half of 柄 is 丙, with a top bar, while the right half of 枘 is 内, without a top bar.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
- On'yomi: Kan'on
- (Tokyo) ほぞ [hóꜜzò] (Atamadaka - [1])[2]
- (Tokyo) ほぞ [hóꜜzò] (Atamadaka - [1])
- IPA(key): [ho̞zo̞]
Noun[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
柄 (byeong) (hangeul 병, revised byeong, McCune-Reischauer pyŏng, Yale pyeng)
- This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove
{{defn}}.
Mandarin[edit]
Hanzi[edit]
柄 (Pinyin bǐng (bing3), Wade-Giles ping3)
- This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove
{{defn}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
柄 (bính)
- This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove
{{defn}}.
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Han script characters
- Cantonese lemmas
- Cantonese Han characters
- Japanese Han characters
- Common kanji
- Japanese kanji read as ひょう
- Japanese kanji read as ひやう
- Japanese kanji read as へい
- Japanese kanji read as ひ
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as え
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as かび
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as かい
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as から
- Japanese suffixes
- Japanese counters
- Japanese prefixes
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as がら
- Rendaku
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as つか
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as つく
- Japanese terms spelled with 柄 read as ほぞ
- Japanese slang
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Mandarin lemmas
- Mandarin Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
