楚

See also: 椘

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 林 (“trees”) + phonetic 疋 – a place with many trees, the Kingdom of Chu.

Han character

楚 (radical 75 木+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 木木弓卜人 (DDNYO), four-corner 4480₁)

1. Chu, an ancient Chinese viscounty and kingdom along the Yangtze River during the Zhou dynasty
2. The realm of this state under later imperial Chinese dynasties
3. clear
4. pain, suffering

Derived characters

• 礎

References

• KangXi: page 539, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15141
• Dae Jaweon: page 927, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1244, character 9
• Unihan data for U+695A

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		楚

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chǔ (chu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): co²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: chǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˇ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'u³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuu
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: co²
    • Yale: chó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tso²
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (楚, reconstructed)
Character (楚), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 初 (19) Final: 魚 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 創舉切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/t͡ʃʰɨʌX/	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯woX/	/t͡ʃʰiɔX/	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɔX/	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆X/	/t͡ʃʰĭoX/	/t͡ʃʰiɔX/
Character (楚), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 初 (19) Final: 魚 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 瘡據切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/t͡ʃʰɨʌH/	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯woH/	/t͡ʃʰiɔH/	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɔH/	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆H/	/t͡ʃʰĭoH/	/t͡ʃʰiɔH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (楚, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
楚								chǔ								‹ tsrhjoX ›								/*[s.r̥ ]aʔ/								arrange in order
楚								chǔ								‹ tsrhjoX ›								/*s.r̥ aʔ/								thorns
楚								chǔ								‹ tsrhjoX ›								/*s.r̥ aʔ/								name of a state
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
楚					11781					疋					魚					0					楚					/*sŋ̥ʰraʔ/
楚					11786					疋					魚					0					楚					/*sŋ̥ʰras/

Definitions

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Compounds

• 痛楚

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Japanese

Kanji

楚

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

• On: そ (so)
• Kun: いばら (ibara), しもと (shimoto), すわえ (suwae)

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Korean

Hanja

楚 (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune-Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)

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Vietnamese

Han character

楚 (sở, sỡ)

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