模

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 莫

Han character

模 (radical 75 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木廿日大 (DTAK), four-corner 4493₄, composition ⿰木莫)

1. model, standard, pattern
2. copy

Related characters

• 募 墓 幕 慕
• 膜

References

• KangXi: page 551, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15453
• Dae Jaweon: page 939, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1261, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6A21

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		模

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mó, mú (mo², mu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ, ㄇㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): bô͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: mó
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ
    • Wade-Giles: mo²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo
    • IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: mú
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˊ
    • Wade-Giles: mu²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mu
    • IPA ^(key): /mu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁴
    • Yale: mòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /mou̯²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bô͘
    • Tâi-lô: bô͘
    • IPA (Taipei): /bɔ²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔ¹³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (模, reconstructed)
Character (模), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 明 (4) Final: 模 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 莫胡切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/muo/	/muo/	/mo/	/muo/	/mɔ/	/mu/	/mo/

Old Chinese pronunciation (模, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
模								mó								‹ mu ›								/*mˤa/								model
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
模					9241					莫					魚					0					模					/*maː/

References

• Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

模

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

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Readings

• On: も (mo), ぼ (bo)
• Kun: かた (kata), のっとる (nottoru)

Compounds

• 模型

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Korean

Hanja

模 (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune-Reischauer mo, Yale mo)

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Vietnamese

Han character

模 (mô, mo, mọ, mu, mua, mạc, mù)

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