樺
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Translingual[edit]
| Japanese | 樺 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 桦 |
| Traditional | 樺 |
Han character[edit]
樺 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木廿一十 (DTMJ), four-corner 44954, composition ⿰木華)
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 552, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15497
- Dae Jaweon: page 940, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1261, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6A3A
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 樺 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 桦 | |
| alternative forms | 華／华 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *grwa (“birch”) (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan གྲོ་ག (gro ga, “bark of birch tree”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
樺
Compounds[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
樺
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: げ (ge)
- Kan-on: か (ka)←くわ (kwa, historical)
- Kun: かば (kaba, 樺); かんば (kanba); かにわ (kaniwa)←かには (kanifa, historical)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 樺 |
| かば Jinmeiyō |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 椛 |
A shift from kaniwa below.[1]
First appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カバ.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 樺色 (kabairo, “reddish yellow”)
- 樺桜 (kabazakura, “a sakura with birch-like bark”)
- 樺の木 (kaba no ki, “a birch tree”)
- 白樺 (shirakaba, “Betula platyphylla”)
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 樺 |
| かんば Jinmeiyō |
| kun’yomi |
First attested in the mid-19th century.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カンバ.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 白樺 (shirakanba, “Betula platyphylla”)
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 樺 |
| かにわ Jinmeiyō |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 桜皮 |
⟨kanipa⟩ → /kaniɸa/ → /kaniwa/
From Old Japanese 樺 (kanipa, “sakura, sakura bark”), from Ainu カリンパ (karinpa, “sakura, sakura bark”).[4][5][6]
Found in the Man'yōshū (book 6), completed some time after 759 CE, in sense 1.[2][7] Sense 2 appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[8]
Compare Sakhalin Ainu カリムバニ (karimba-ni, “cherry tree; Prunus pseudocerasus”) and カリムバタツ (karimba-tat, “Betula Maximowicziana”).[9]
Noun[edit]
- (obsolete) Japanese bird cherry (Prunus grayana) or its bark
- (obsolete) monarch birch (Betula maximowicziana) or its bark
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “樺”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, et al. (eds.) (2023) “Old Japanese kanipa”, in Oxford-NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese[2]
- ^ Vovin (2020)
- ^ “かには”, in 世界大百科事典 第２版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ “樺・桜皮”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[4] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)[5], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 212
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
樺 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 백화 (白樺, baekhwa, “Asian white birch”)
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- zh:Trees
- zh:Birch family plants
- Japanese Han characters
- Kanji used for names
- Japanese kanji with goon reading げ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading か
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading くわ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かば
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かんば
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かにわ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading かには
- Japanese terms spelled with 樺
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
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- ja:Birch family plants
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