次

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Translingual[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 二 (“lining things; 二 modified to resemble 冫”) + 欠 (“man”)

Han character[edit]

次 (radical 76 欠+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈一弓人 (IMNO), 一一弓人 (MMNO), four-corner 17182/37182, composition ⿰冫欠)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 565, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15992
  • Dae Jaweon: page 954, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2133, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6B21

Chinese[edit]

-
simp. and trad.
 次

Pronunciation[edit]

Middle Chinese pronunciation (次, reconstructed)
Character (次), Pronunciation 1/1

Initial: 清 (14)
Final: 脂
Division: III

Openness: Open
Tone: Departing (H)

 Fanqie: 七四切
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 Bernard
Karlgren		 Li
Rong		 Pan
Wuyun		 Edwin
Pulleyblank		 Wang
Li		 Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰiɪH/ /t͡sʰiH/ /t͡sʰiH/ /t͡sʰiH/ /t͡sʰiH/ /t͡sʰiH/ /t͡sʰjɪH/
Old Chinese pronunciation (次, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character Modern Beijing
(Pinyin)		 Middle Chinese Old Chinese English
次 cì ‹ tshijH › /*[s-n̥ ]i[j]-s/ lodge (v.)
次 cì ‹ tshijH › /*[s-n̥ ]i[j]-s/ put in order; second

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

  • Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
  • Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
  • Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
  • Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
  • Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character No. Phonetic
component		 Rime
group		 Rime
subdivision		 Corresponding
MC rime		 Old Chinese Notes
次 1794 次 脂 2 次 /*sn̥ʰis/ 說文二聲，甲金文二或三劃，似人嘆氣諮嗟

Definitions[edit]

  1. Measure word for times, as in frequency.
    上次 (shàngcì, "last time")
    次數／次数 (cìshù, "number of times; frequency")
  2. order, sequence

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

See also:
次

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
次
し
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 次 (tshijH, “in order; second”).

Less common reading in modern Japanese. Superseded in most cases by ji; see below.

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

次 (hiragana し, romaji shi)

  1. next, secondary
  2. following
Usage notes[edit]

Only found in compounds.

Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
次
じ
Grade: 3
on'yomi

/si/ → /ʑi/ → /d͡ʑi/

Sound shift from shi above.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Counter[edit]

次 (hiragana じ, romaji -ji)

  1. number of times: an ordinal marker
    第四 (だいよん)次 (じ)計画 (けいかく)
    daiyonji keikaku
    the fourth plan
  2. number in a sequence, number of aspects or dimensions
    二 (に)次 (じ)方程式 (ほうていしき)、三 (さん)次 (じ)式 (しき)
    niji hōteishiki, sanji shiki
    a quadratic equation, a third order expression

Noun[edit]

次 (hiragana じ, romaji ji)

  1. (rare) order, sequence
Usage notes[edit]

Seldom found in isolation.

Prefix[edit]

次 (hiragana じ, romaji ji-)

  1. (attached to nouns) the next, secondary, vice-
    次 (じ)位 (い)、次 (じ)長 (ちょう)
    jii, jichō
    second rank, vice-director
  2. (chemistry) hypo- (used to distinguish the oxidation levels of various acids)
    亜塩素酸 (あえんそさん)、次 (じ)亜塩素酸 (あえんそさん)、亜臭素酸 (あしゅうそさん)、次 (じ)亜臭素酸 (あしゅうそさん)
    aenso san, jiaenso san, ashūso san, jiashūso san
    chlorous acid, hypochlorous acid, bromous acid, hypobromous acid

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
次
つぎ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of Old Japanese-derived verb 次ぐ (tsugu, “to be in a sequence; to follow, to continue from something, to be next; to connect, to join”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

次 (hiragana つぎ, romaji tsugi)

  1. next, order, sequence, below
    • From the Emacs tutorial (English)
      では C-v （次の画面を見る）をタイプして次の画面に進んで下さい。（さあ、やってみましょう。コントロールキーを押しながら v です）
      では C-v （つぎのがめんをみる）をたいぷしてつぎのがめんにすすんでください。（さあ、やってみましょう。コントロールキーを押しながら v です）
      De wa C-v (tsugi no gamen o miru) o taipu shite tsugi no gamen ni susunde kudasai. (Sā, yatte mimashō. Kontorōru kī o oshinagara v desu)
      Now type C-v (View next screen) to move to the next screen. (Go ahead, do it by depressing the control key and v together)

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
次
すき
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of Old Japanese-derived verb 次く (suku, “to follow, to continue from something, to be next;”).[1]

The verb form was obsolete even in olden times. Existence of the verb, possibly related to tsugu mentioned above, is inferred from placenames found in the Man'yōshū and other ancient poetry.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

次 (hiragana すき, romaji suki)

  1. (Shintō) at the 大嘗祭 (Daijōsai) and other major Shintō ceremonies, refers to the group of regional representatives making offerings of sake and grain, who do so after the initial offering

Etymology 5[edit]

Kanji in this term
次
ついで
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/tugite/ → /tuide/

Sound shift from 次第 (tsugite, “order, sequence”), itself originally the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of now-obsolete Old Japanese-derived verb 継ぎつ (tsugitsu, “to do things in sequence, to establish an order”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

次 (hiragana ついで, romaji tsuide)

  1. order, sequence
  2. follower, successor; the next thing in a sequence
  3. a good opportunity to do something; doing something incidental to something else
Usage notes[edit]

The good opportunity sense is more often encountered as 序 (つい)でに (tsuide ni).

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

次 (cha) (hangeul 차, McCune-Reischauer ch'a, Yale cha)

  1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Particle[edit]

次 (thứ, thớ)

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