歌
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See also: 欨
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]歌 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一口弓人 (MRNO) or 難一口弓人 (XMRNO), four-corner 17682, composition ⿰哥欠)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 571, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16167
- Dae Jaweon: page 959, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2147, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6B4C
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
歌 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 謌/𬤐 哥 𡃭 𣤑 𣤒 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 歌 | |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
柯 | *kaːl |
菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
牁 | *kaːl |
滒 | *kaːl |
哥 | *kaːl |
歌 | *kaːl |
謌 | *kaːl |
鴚 | *kaːl |
哿 | *kaːlʔ |
舸 | *kaːlʔ |
笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
珂 | *kʰaːl |
可 | *kʰaːlʔ |
岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
呵 | *qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
訶 | *qʰaːl |
抲 | *qʰaːl |
荷 | *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
何 | *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
河 | *ɡaːl |
苛 | *ɡaːl |
魺 | *ɡaːl |
袔 | *ɡaːls |
阿 | *qaːl |
妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
鈳 | *qaːl |
娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
痾 | *qaːl |
跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kaːl) : phonetic 哥 (OC *kaːl) + semantic 欠 (“blow”). Specialized form of 哥 (OC *kaːl, “to sing”).
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gaːr ~ *ga (“to dance; to sing; to leap; to stride”). Cognate with Burmese က (ka., “to dance”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): go1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гә (gə, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): go1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ge1
- Northern Min (KCR): gó̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): gŏ̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ku
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): go1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ge
- Wade–Giles: ko1
- Yale: gē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ge
- Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (歌兒/歌儿)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄜㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ger
- Wade–Giles: ko1-ʼrh
- Yale: gēr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ge'l
- Palladius: гэр (gɛr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤɻ⁵⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 哥兒/哥儿
歌兒/歌儿
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: go1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: go
- Sinological IPA (key): /ko⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гә (gə, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kə²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: go1
- Yale: gō
- Cantonese Pinyin: go1
- Guangdong Romanization: go1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: go4 / go4* / go1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kᵘɔ²¹/, /kᵘɔ²¹⁻²¹⁵/, /kᵘɔ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- go4* - standalone or as the head of a compound;
- go1 - variant for verb.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: go1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ko⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kô
- Hakka Romanization System: goˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: go1
- Sinological IPA: /ko²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ge1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kɤ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gó̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gŏ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /ko⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- koa - vernacular;
- ko, ko͘ - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gua1 / go1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kua / ko
- Sinological IPA (key): /kua³³/, /ko³³/
Note:
- gua1 - vernacular;
- go1 - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 歌 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /kɤ⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /kɤ⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /kɤ²¹/ | |
Jinan | /kə²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /kə²¹³/ 新 /kuə²¹³/ 老 | |
Zhengzhou | /kɤ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /kɤ²¹/ | |
Xining | /kɔ⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /kə⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /kə³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /kɤ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /kuo⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /ko⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /ko⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /ko⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /ko³¹/ | |
Hefei | /kʊ²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /kɤ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /kɔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /kɤ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ku⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /kəu⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /ko³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ku³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ko³¹/ |
Tunxi | /ko¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ko³³/ |
Xiangtan | /ko³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ko⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /ko⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /ko²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɔ⁵³/ |
Nanning | /kɔ⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /kɔ⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ko⁵⁵/ /kua⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ko⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kɔ⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /ko³³/ /kua³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ko²³/ /kua²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: ka
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤaj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kaːl/
Definitions
[edit]歌
- to sing; to chant
- 高歌 ― gāogē ― to sing loudly
- 明明未在座 都給缺席的這個你遙遠地歌 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
- From: 2022, 馮允謙 [Jay Fung], lyrics by 黃偉文 [Wyman Wong], 給缺席的人唱首歌 [Song for the Absentees]
- ming4 ming4 mei6 zoi6 zo6, dou1 kap1 kyut3 zik6 dik1 ze3 go3 nei5 jiu4 jyun5 dei6 go1 [Jyutping]
- Clearly not present, but [I] still sing for you, this absentee, from a distance
明明未在座 都给缺席的这个你遥远地歌 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
- song; tune (Classifier: 首 m c mn; 支 m c; 闋/阕 m; 隻/只 c w; 條/条 h mn; 塊/块 mn)
- to praise
Synonyms
[edit]- (song):
Compounds
[edit]- 且歌且舞 (qiěgēqiěwǔ)
- 主打歌 (zhǔdǎgē)
- 主歌 (zhǔgē)
- 九歌
- 五子之歌
- 但歌
- 伯歌季舞
- 俚歌
- 倚歌
- 兒歌/儿歌 (érgē)
- 凱歌/凯歌 (kǎigē)
- 前歌後舞/前歌后舞
- 副歌 (fùgē)
- 北歌
- 口水歌 (kǒushuǐgē)
- 可歌可泣 (kěgēkěqì)
- 和歌 (hégē)
- 哀歌 (āigē)
- 咳歌打戰/咳歌打战
- 唱歌 (chànggē)
- 商歌
- 喜歌劇/喜歌剧 (xǐgējù)
- 嘯歌/啸歌
- 嘲歌
- 四面楚歌 (sìmiànchǔgē)
- 國歌/国歌 (guógē)
- 國際歌/国际歌 (Guójìgē)
- 垓下歌
- 大唐之歌
- 大歌劇/大歌剧
- 大風歌/大风歌
- 太平歌詞/太平歌词
- 夷歌
- 好了歌
- 妙舞清歌
- 子夜歌
- 宴歌
- 對歌/对歌 (duìgē)
- 對酒當歌/对酒当歌
- 小歌劇/小歌剧
- 屠牛朝歌
- 山歌 (shāngē)
- 州歌
- 巷歌
- 帳中歌/帐中歌
- 引吭高歌
- 弦歌 (xiángē)
- 弦歌不輟/弦歌不辍
- 徒歌
- 念歌 (niàngē)
- 情歌 (qínggē)
- 悼歌 (dàogē)
- 悲歌 (bēigē)
- 悲歌慷慨
- 愷歌/恺歌 (kǎigē)
- 慷慨悲歌
- 戀歌/恋歌 (liàngē)
- 戰歌/战歌 (zhàngē)
- 戹屯歌
- 扊扅歌
- 手語歌/手语歌
- 打呆歌
- 打孩歌
- 打歌
- 打頦歌/打颏歌
- 抗戰歌曲/抗战歌曲
- 捉搦歌
- 挽歌 (wǎngē)
- 挽歌郎
- 採茶歌/采茶歌
- 接輿歌鳳/接舆歌凤
- 搖囝仔歌/摇囝仔歌
- 搖籃歌/摇篮歌
- 擊壤歌/击壤歌
- 放歌
- 敕勒歌
- 易水歌
- 晨歌 (chéngē)
- 朝歌 (Zhāogē)
- 朝歌夜絃/朝歌夜弦
- 朝歌暮樂/朝歌暮乐
- 朝歌暮絃/朝歌暮弦
- 朝歌鼓刀
- 村歌
- 校園民歌/校园民歌
- 校歌 (xiàogē)
- 桃葉歌/桃叶歌
- 棹歌
- 楚歌
- 榜歌
- 樂歌/乐歌 (yuègē)
- 樵歌
- 櫂歌/棹歌
- 歌五褲/歌五裤
- 歌仔戲/歌仔戏 (gēzǎixì)
- 歌伎 (gējì)
- 歌劇/歌剧 (gējù)
- 歌劇院/歌剧院 (gējùyuàn)
- 歌功頌德/歌功颂德 (gēgōngsòngdé)
- 歌友會/歌友会
- 歌吹
- 歌吟
- 歌唱 (gēchàng)
- 歌喉 (gēhóu)
- 歌壇/歌坛 (gētán)
- 歌女 (gēnǚ)
- 歌妓 (gējì)
- 歌姬 (gējī)
- 歌廳/歌厅 (gētīng)
- 歌德 (Gēdé)
- 歌扇
- 歌手 (gēshǒu)
- 歌星 (gēxīng)
- 歌曲 (gēqǔ)
- 歌板
- 歌樂/歌乐 (gēyuè)
- 歌樓舞館/歌楼舞馆
- 歌筵
- 歌聲/歌声 (gēshēng)
- 歌聲繞梁/歌声绕梁
- 歌臺舞榭/歌台舞榭 (gētáiwǔxiè)
- 歌舞 (gēwǔ)
- 歌舞伎 (gēwǔjì)
- 歌舞作樂/歌舞作乐
- 歌舞劇/歌舞剧 (gēwǔjù)
- 歌舞團/歌舞团
- 歌舞場/歌舞场
- 歌舞昇平/歌舞升平 (gēwǔshēngpíng)
- 歌舞片
- 歌行
- 歌訣/歌诀
- 歌詠/歌咏 (gēyǒng)
- 歌詞/歌词 (gēcí)
- 歌詩/歌诗 (gēshī)
- 歌誦/歌诵
- 歌調/歌调
- 歌謠/歌谣 (gēyáo)
- 歌譜/歌谱 (gēpǔ)
- 歌迷 (gēmí)
- 歌郎
- 歌鐘/歌钟
- 歌集
- 歌音
- 歌頌/歌颂 (gēsòng)
- 歌頭/歌头
- 歌風臺/歌风台
- 歌鶯舞燕/歌莺舞燕
- 正歌 (zhènggē)
- 武城弦歌
- 民歌 (míngē)
- 民歌五褲/民歌五裤
- 民謠歌手/民谣歌手
- 民謠歌曲/民谣歌曲
- 民間歌舞/民间歌舞
- 流行歌曲 (liúxíng gēqǔ)
- 浩歌
- 清歌
- 清歌妙舞
- 漁歌/渔歌
- 燕歌行
- 燒餅歌/烧饼歌
- 牛角之歌
- 牧歌 (mùgē)
- 牽亡歌/牵亡歌
- 狂歌
- 獨弦哀歌/独弦哀歌
- 玉帛笙歌
- 琴歌
- 畢業歌/毕业歌
- 白紵歌/白纻歌
- 白雪歌
- 相和歌
- 秧歌 (yānggē)
- 秧歌劇/秧歌剧
- 童歌 (tónggē)
- 竹板歌
- 笙歌 (shēnggē)
- 笙歌匝地
- 笙歌鼎沸
- 組歌/组歌 (zǔgē)
- 絃歌/弦歌 (xiángē)
- 羅蘭之歌/罗兰之歌
- 老歌 (lǎogē)
- 聖歌/圣歌 (shènggē)
- 聾者之歌/聋者之歌
- 胡歌野調/胡歌野调
- 能歌擅舞
- 舞榭歌樓/舞榭歌楼
- 舞榭歌臺/舞榭歌台 (wǔxiègētái)
- 舞燕歌鶯/舞燕歌莺
- 舞衫歌扇
- 舞鸞歌鳳/舞鸾歌凤
- 船歌 (chuángē)
- 菱歌
- 藏歌 (zànggē)
- 藏矇歌兒/藏蒙歌儿
- 藝術歌曲/艺术歌曲
- 虞歌決別/虞歌决别
- 行歌
- 褒歌
- 襦褲歌/襦裤歌
- 西陵歌舞
- 詩歌/诗歌 (shīgē)
- 詩詞歌賦/诗词歌赋 (shīcígēfù)
- 謳歌/讴歌 (ōugē)
- 讚美歌/赞美歌 (zànměigē)
- 豔歌/艳歌 (yàngē)
- 踏歌 (tàgē)
- 蹈歌
- 軍歌/军歌 (jūngē)
- 載歌且舞/载歌且舞
- 載歌載舞/载歌载舞 (zàigēzàiwǔ)
- 輓歌/挽歌 (wǎngē)
- 輕歌劇/轻歌剧 (qīnggējù)
- 輕歌慢舞/轻歌慢舞
- 輕歌曼舞/轻歌曼舞 (qīnggēmànwǔ)
- 農歌/农歌
- 郊廟歌辭/郊庙歌辞
- 鄉歌/乡歌
- 酣歌
- 酣歌恆舞/酣歌恒舞
- 醉舞狂歌
- 錦歌/锦歌 (jǐngē)
- 鐃歌/铙歌
- 長恨歌/长恨歌
- 長歌/长歌 (chánggē)
- 長歌當哭/长歌当哭 (chánggēdàngkū)
- 雅歌 (yǎgē)
- 霸王悲歌
- 靈歌/灵歌
- 頌歌/颂歌 (sònggē)
- 飛歌/飞歌
- 饒舌歌曲/饶舌歌曲
- 驪歌/骊歌 (lígē)
- 高歌 (gāogē)
- 高歌猛進/高歌猛进 (gāogēměngjìn)
- 鬻歌
- 鶯歌/莺歌 (yīnggē)
- 鶯歌燕舞/莺歌燕舞 (yīnggēyànwǔ)
- 麥秀歌/麦秀歌
- 黑人靈歌/黑人灵歌
- 點歌/点歌 (diǎngē)
- 鼓盆歌
- 鼓盆而歌
- 龍歌節/龙歌节
- 龍舟歌/龙舟歌
References
[edit]- “歌”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]歌
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: か (ka, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)
- Kun: うたう (utau, 歌う, Jōyō)←うたふ (utafu, 歌ふ, historical); うた (uta, 歌, Jōyō)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
歌 |
うた Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
唄 詩 謳 |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ota.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]- Despite 歌, 唄, and 詩 having the same kun-yomi reading of uta: 詩 refers to modern poetry, 歌 to songs and classical Japanese poetry (such as tanka), and 唄 is primarily used in shamisen songs.
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
歌 |
か Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Affix
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Compounds
- 가창 (歌唱, gachang)
- 가수 (歌手, gasu)
- 가사 (歌詞, gasa)
- 가성 (歌聲, gaseong)
- 가요 (歌謠, gayo)
- 가악 (歌樂, gaak)
- 가천 (歌天, gacheon)
- 가취 (歌吹, gachwi)
- 가패 (歌唄, gapae)
- 가희 (歌姬, gahui)
- 가인 (歌人, gain)
- 가비 (歌婢, gabi)
- 가단 (歌壇, gadan)
- 가극 (歌劇, gageuk)
- 가객 (歌客, gagaek)
- 가격 (歌格, gagyeok)
- 가경 (歌磬, gagyeong)
- 가곡 (歌曲, gagok)
- 가벽 (歌癖, gabyeok)
- 가의 (歌意, gaui)
- 가재 (歌才, gajae)
- 가관 (歌管, gagwan)
- 가무 (歌舞, gamu)
Kunigami
[edit]Kanji
[edit]歌
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Ryukyuan *Uta, from Proto-Japonic *Uta.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]歌 (futā)
Okinawan
[edit]Kanji
[edit]歌
Readings
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
歌 |
うた Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
From Proto-Ryukyuan *Uta, from Proto-Japonic *Uta.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]歌 (uta)
Tày
[edit]Verb
[edit]歌 (cà)
- Nôm form of cà (“to choke; to be clogged”).
- 𨑮汨娘盆柳峒歌
- Mởi thâng nàng Bồn Liễu tổng Gà
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
References
[edit]- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][2] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]歌: Hán Nôm readings: ca, cà, cao
Yaeyama
[edit]Kanji
[edit]歌
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Ryukyuan *Uta, from Proto-Japonic *Uta.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]歌 (uta)
Yonaguni
[edit]Kanji
[edit]歌
Readings
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Ryukyuan *Uta, from Proto-Japonic *Uta.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]歌 (uta)
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