毋

See also: 母

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Simplified from 母 (⺀ → 丿), replacing the two dots with one stroke.

Compare 黒 (from 黑).

Han character

毋 (radical 80 毋+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 田十 (WJ), four-corner 7750₀)

1. do not
2. not
3. used as a surname
4. rad. 80

References

• KangXi: page 588, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16721
• Dae Jaweon: page 980, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2380, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6BCB

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		毋

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wú (wu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁴
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): vu
• Min Nan (POJ): m̄

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: wú
    • Zhuyin: ㄨˊ
    • Wade-Giles: wu²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wu
    • IPA ^(key): /u³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁴
    • Yale: mòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /mou̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vu
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /vu⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: m̄
    • Tâi-lô: m̄
    • IPA (Taipei): /m³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /m²²/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (毋, reconstructed)
Character (毋), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 明 (4) Final: 虞 Division: III			Openness: Closed Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 武夫切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/mɨo/	/mi̯u/	/mio/	/mio/	/muə̆/	/mĭu/	/mio/

Old Chinese pronunciation (毋, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
毋								wú								‹ mju ›								/*mo/								don't
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
毋					9301					母					魚					0					無					/*ma/					母轉註字

References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

毋

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• On: ぶ (bu), む (mu)
• Kun: ない (nai), なかれ (nakare)

Usage notes

Not used in Japanese shinjitai in isolation – instead the unsimplified 母 is used – but simplified form is used universally in compound jōyō characters, such as 毎, 海.

However, not used in hyōgaiji, which are written in kyūjitai, such as 姆.

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Korean

Hanja

毋 (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune-Reischauer mu, Yale mu)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

毋 (vô)

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