母

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Contents 1 Translingual 1.1 Han character 1.1.1 References 2 Cantonese 2.1 Hanzi 3 Japanese 3.1 Etymology 1 3.1.1 Noun 3.2 Etymology 2 3.2.1 Noun 3.3 Etymology 3 3.3.1 Noun 3.4 Etymology 4 3.4.1 Noun 3.5 Etymology 5 3.5.1 Alternative spellings 3.5.2 Noun 3.6 Etymology 6 3.6.1 Noun 3.6.2 Usage notes 3.7 Etymology 7 3.7.1 Kanji 3.7.1.1 Readings 3.7.1.2 Compounds 3.7.1.3 Usage notes 3.8 See also 3.9 References 4 Korean 4.1 Hanja 5 Mandarin 5.1 Hanzi 5.1.1 Compounds 6 Vietnamese 6.1 Han character

[edit] Translingual

[edit] Han character

母 (radical 80 毋+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田卜戈 (WYI), four-corner 7750₀)

1. mother
2. female elders
3. female

[edit] References

• KangXi: page 588, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16723
• Dae Jaweon: page 980, character 32
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2380, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6BCD

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[edit] Cantonese

[edit] Hanzi

母 (Yale mou5)

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[edit] Japanese

[edit] Etymology 1

/haha/: *[papa] > [ɸaɸa] > [ɸawa] > [ɸaɸa] > [haha]. Medial -h [ɸ] regularly changes to [w], resulting in [ɸawa] > [hawa], the expected final form; see hawa. However, likely due to spelling influence or reduplication associations, the earlier [ɸaɸa] resurfaced around the 16th century. Initial /h-/ [ɸ] regularly becomes [h], resulting in [haha].

[edit] Noun

母 (hiragana はは, romaji haha)

1. (humble) mother
   • 934-938: Wamyō Ruijushō (book 1 page 116)

   母 尔雅云、母爲妣、卑履反、去聲之重、和名波々、日本紀私記云、以路波

   • 1603-1604: Nippo Jisho (page 196)

   Fafa. l, faua. ハハ. または、ハワ(母) 母.

[edit] Etymology 2

/iro2ha/. iro means "same mother" and is also seen in iroe and irose "siblings from the same mother". ha is likely from haha "mother".

[edit] Noun

母 (hiragana いろは, romaji iroha)

1. mother
   • 934-938: Wamyō Ruijushō (book 1 page 116)

   母 尔雅云、母爲妣、卑履反、去聲之重、和名波々、日本紀私記云、以路波

[edit] Etymology 3

[edit] Noun

母 (hiragana あも, romaji amo)

1. mother
   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4376)

   多妣由岐尓 由久等之良受弖 阿母志々尓 己等麻乎佐受弖 伊麻叙久夜之氣

   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4377)

   阿母刀自母 多麻尓母賀母夜 伊多太伎弖 美都良乃奈可尓 阿敝麻可麻久母

   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4378)

   都久比夜波 須具波由氣等毛 阿母志々可 多麻乃須我多波 和須例西奈布母

   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4383)

   都乃久尓乃 宇美能奈伎佐尓 布奈餘曽比 多志埿毛等伎尓 阿母我米母我母

[edit] Etymology 4

[edit] Noun

母 (hiragana おも, romaji omo)

1. mother
   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4386)

   和加々都乃 以都母等夜奈枳 以都母々々々 於母加古比須々 奈理麻之都之母

   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4401)

   可良己呂武 須宗尓等里都伎 奈苦古良乎 意伎弖曽伎怒也 意母奈之尓志弖

   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 20, poem #4402)

   知波夜布留 賀美乃美佐賀尓 奴佐麻都里 伊波布伊能知波 意毛知々我多米

2. a woman who breasts feeds and raises a child in place of a parent; a wet nurse
   • c. 759: Man'yōshū (book 12, poem #2925)

   緑児之 為社乳母者 求云 乳飲哉君之 於毛求覧

[edit] Etymology 5

[edit] Alternative spellings

• 嚊
• 嬶

[edit] Noun

母 (hiragana かか, romaji kaka)

1. a childish term for a mother; mommy, mummy
   • 1603-1604: Nippo Jisho (page 71)

   Caca. カカ (かか) Faua (母)に同じ. 母. これは子供の言葉である. また、尊敬すべき婦人、あるいは、年長で一家の主婦のような婦人の意に取られる.

[edit] Etymology 6

See Etymology 1 for details.

[edit] Noun

母 (hiragana はわ, romaji hawa, historical hiragana はは)

1. mother
   • 1603-1604: Nippo Jisho (page 213)

   Faua. ハワ (母) 母親.

   • 1603-1604: Nippo Jisho (page 196)

   Fafa. l, faua. ハハ. または、ハワ(母) 母.

   • 1603-1604: Nippo Jisho (page 71)

   Caca. カカ (かか) Faua (母)に同じ. 母. これは子供の言葉である. また、尊敬すべき婦人、あるいは、年長で一家の主婦のような婦人の意に取られる.

   • 1603-1604: Nippo Jisho (page 60)

   Bogui. ボギ (母儀) Faua (母)に同じ. 母.

[edit] Usage notes

This is used when speaking to someone else about one's own mother. There are variations that can be directed as speaking to one's mother that are more formal, respectful or distant, such as 母上, wherein the 上 means above.

[edit] Etymology 7

[edit] Kanji

母 (grade 2 kanji)

[edit] Readings

• On: ぼ (bo), ぼう (bō), も (mo)
• Kun: はは (haha)

[edit] Compounds

• 酵母 (kōbo)
• 母語 (ぼご, bogo)
• 母星

[edit] Usage notes

In isolation, the character 母 has 5 strokes in modern Japanese – it is not simplified. However in compounds, such as 毎 or 海, it is simplified to 4 strokes, as 毋, which is however not used in isolation.

[edit] See also

• 父

[edit] References

• Doi, Tadao [1603-1604] (1980). Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese). Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten. ISBN 4-0008-0021-3.
• Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu [931-938] (1968). Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese). Kyōto: Rinsen. ISBN 4-653-00507-9.

• Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada, Rikio Kudō, Masao Ōtani, Yoshiyuki Yamazaki [c. 759] (2002). Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man'yōshū 3 (in Japanese). Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten. ISBN 4-00-240003-4.
• Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada, Rikio Kudō, Masao Ōtani, Yoshiyuki Yamazaki [c. 759] (2003). Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man'yōshū 4 (in Japanese). Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten. ISBN 4-00-240004-2.

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[edit] Korean

[edit] Hanja

母
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 모 (revised: mo, McCune-Reischauer: mo, Yale: mo)

• Name (hangeul): 어미 (revised: eomi, McCune-Reischauer: ŏmi, Yale: emi)

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[edit] Mandarin

[edit] Hanzi

母 (pinyin mǔ (mu3), Wade-Giles mu³)

[edit] Compounds

• 酵母 (xiào mǔ)

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[edit] Vietnamese

[edit] Han character

母 (mẫu, mẹ)