汗

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 水 + phonetic 干

Han character

汗 (radical 85 水+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 水一十 (EMJ), four-corner 3114₀, composition ⿰氵干)

1. perspiration, sweat

References

• KangXi: page 605, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17130
• Dae Jaweon: page 999, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1550, character 6
• Unihan data for U+6C57

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		汗

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hàn (han⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hon⁴, hon⁶
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): hon
• Min Nan (POJ): kōaⁿ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: hàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ
    • Wade-Giles: han⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hann
    • IPA ^(key): /xa̠n⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hon⁴, hon⁶
    • Yale: hòhn, hohn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon⁴, hon⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /hɔːn²¹/, /hɔːn²²/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hon
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /hon⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kuānn
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuã³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuã²²/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (汗, reconstructed)
Character (汗), Pronunciation 1/3
Initial: 匣 (33) Final: 寒 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 胡安切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ɦɑn/	/ɣɑn/	/ɣɑn/	/ɦɑn/	/ɦan/	/ɣɑn/	/ɣɑn/
Character (汗), Pronunciation 2/3
Initial: 見 (28) Final: 寒 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 古寒切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/kɑn/	/kɑn/	/kɑn/	/kɑn/	/kan/	/kɑn/	/kɑn/
Character (汗), Pronunciation 3/3
Initial: 匣 (33) Final: 寒 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 侯旰切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ɦɑnH/	/ɣɑnH/	/ɣɑnH/	/ɦɑnH/	/ɦanH/	/ɣɑnH/	/ɣɑnH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (汗, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
汗								hàn								‹ hanH ›								/*Cə.[ɡ]ˤa[r]-s/								sweat (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
汗					3573					干					元					1					干					/*kaːn/
汗					3612					干					元					1					寒					/*ɡaːn/
汗					3616					干					元					1					翰					/*ɡaːns/

Noun

汗 (classifier 滴, 头, 身)

1. sweat; perspiration

   我正流着汗。

   wǒ zhèng liú zhe hàn.

   I'm dripping with sweat.

2. (Internet slang) Used to express embarrassment, speechlessness, helplessness

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Japanese

Kanji

汗

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. sweat

Readings

• Goon: がん (gan)
• Kan’on: かん (kan)
• Kun: あせ (ase)

Noun

汗 (hiragana あせ, romaji ase)

1. sweat

Derived terms

• 汗をかく (あせをかく, ase o kaku)

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Korean

Hanja

汗 (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune-Reischauer han, Yale han)

1. (땀 한, ttam-): sweat
2. (물 질펀할 한, mul-jilpeonhal-): flood
3. (되 임금 한, doe-imgeum-): khan

Synonyms

• 單 (선, seon) Xiongnu king
• 單于 (선우, seon-u) Xiongnu king

Compounds

• 可汗 (가한, gahan) khagan, khan of khans

See also

• 干 (간, gan) (translingual) dry

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Vietnamese

Han character

汗 (hãn, cạn, khan)

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