無限

See also: 无限

Chinese[edit]

		not have	limit; bound
trad. (無限)		無	限
simp. (无限)		无	限

Wikipedia has articles on:

無限 (Gan)
無限 (Classical)
無限 (Southern Min)
無限 (Cantonese)
無限 (消歧義) (Written Standard Chinese^?)

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wúxiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁴ haan⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vù-han
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bô-hān / bô-hǎn / bô-ān / bû-hān / bû-hǎn / bû-ān

(Teochew, Peng'im): bho⁵ hang⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wúxiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wúsiàn
  - Wade–Giles: wu²-hsien⁴
  - Yale: wú-syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wushiann
  - Palladius: усянь (usjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    吳縣／吴县
    無線／无线
    無限／无限
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: mou⁴ haan⁶
  - Yale: mòuh haahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁴ haan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mou⁴ han⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²¹ haːn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vù-han
  - Hakka Romanization System: vuˇ han
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vu² han⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /vu¹¹ han⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bô-hān
  - Tâi-lô: bô-hān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boi'han
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bo¹³⁻²² han²²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bo²⁴⁻²² han²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bo²⁴⁻¹¹ han³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤ²³⁻³³ han³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bô-hǎn
  - Tâi-lô: bô-hǎn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bo²⁴⁻²² han²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bô-ān
  - Tâi-lô: bô-ān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boi'an
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bo¹³⁻²² an²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bû-hān
  - Tâi-lô: bû-hān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bu'han
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bu²³⁻³³ han³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bu²⁴⁻¹¹ han³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bu²⁴⁻²² han²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bû-hǎn
  - Tâi-lô: bû-hǎn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bu²⁴⁻²² han²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bû-ān
  - Tâi-lô: bû-ān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bu'an
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bu¹³⁻²² an²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bho⁵ hang⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bô hăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ haŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: mju heanX

Rime
Character	無	限
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	武夫切	胡簡切
Baxter	mju	heanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨo/	/ɦˠɛn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/mio/	/ɦᵚæn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/mio/	/ɣæn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muə̆/	/ɦəɨn^X/
Li Rong	/mio/	/ɣɛn^X/
Wang Li	/mĭu/	/ɣæn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯u/	/ɣăn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wú	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou⁴	haan⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ma|mo [ɡ]ˤrə[n]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ma ɡrɯːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	無	無	無	限
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wú	wú	wú	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ mju ›	‹ mju ›	‹ mju ›	‹ hɛn^X ›
Old Chinese	/*ma/	/*ma/	/*mo/	/*[ɡ]ˁrə[n]ʔ/
English	not have	volitional prefix	don’t	obstacle, limit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	無	限
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13117	3916
Phonetic component	無	艮
Rime group	魚	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	無	限
Old Chinese	/*ma/	/*ɡrɯːnʔ/

Adjective[edit]

無限

boundless; immeasurable; infinite; limitless; unlimited
前途無限／前途无限 ― qiántú wúxiàn ― bright future (literally, “one's future is infinite”)

無限可能／无限可能 ― wúxiàn kěnéng ― infinite possibilities

無限流量套餐／无限流量套餐 ― wúxiàn liúliàng tàocān ― unlimited data plan

Noun[edit]

無限

infinity

Synonyms[edit]

無盡／无尽 (wújìn)

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

無窮／无穷 (wúqióng)

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (無限):

→ Japanese: 無限(むげん) (mugen)
→ Korean: 무한(無限) (muhan)
→ Vietnamese: vô hạn (無限)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term
無	限
む Grade: 4	げん Grade: 5
goon

Etymology[edit]

May be a learned borrowing from Chinese 無限／无限 (wúxiàn, literally “without + limit”). First cited to 1881 in the 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Philosophical Vocabulary”) as a translation of English infinite.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation[edit]

(Tokyo) むげん [mùgéń] (Heiban – [0])^[3]^[4]^[5]
IPA^(key): [mɯ̟ᵝɡẽ̞ɴ]

Adjective[edit]

無(む)限(げん) • (mugen) -na (adnominal 無(む)限(げん)な (mugen na), adverbial 無(む)限(げん)に (mugen ni))

[from 1901] unlimited, infinite, endless

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of 無限

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	無限だろ	むげんだろ	mugen daro
Continuative (連用形)	無限で	むげんで	mugen de
Terminal (終止形)	無限だ	むげんだ	mugen da
Attributive (連体形)	無限な	むげんな	mugen na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	無限なら	むげんなら	mugen nara
Imperative (命令形)	無限であれ	むげんであれ	mugen de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	無限ではない無限じゃない	むげんではないむげんじゃない	mugen de wa nai mugen ja nai
Informal past	無限だった	むげんだった	mugen datta
Informal negative past	無限ではなかった無限じゃなかった	むげんではなかったむげんじゃなかった	mugen de wa nakatta mugen ja nakatta
Formal	無限です	むげんです	mugen desu
Formal negative	無限ではありません無限じゃありません	むげんではありませんむげんじゃありません	mugen de wa arimasen mugen ja arimasen
Formal past	無限でした	むげんでした	mugen deshita
Formal negative past	無限ではありませんでした無限じゃありませんでした	むげんではありませんでしたむげんじゃありませんでした	mugen de wa arimasen deshita mugen ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	無限で	むげんで	mugen de
Conditional	無限なら（ば）	むげんなら（ば）	mugen nara (ba)
Provisional	無限だったら	むげんだったら	mugen dattara
Volitional	無限だろう	むげんだろう	mugen darō
Adverbial	無限に	むげんに	mugen ni
Degree	無限さ	むげんさ	mugensa

Antonyms[edit]

有(ゆう)限(げん) (yūgen): limited, finite

Noun[edit]

無(む)限(げん) • (mugen)

[from 1881] (philosophy, general) infinity, unlimitedness, endlessness
無(む)限(げん)に廻(めぐ)るもの、ウラモグ
Mugen ni Megurumono, Uramogu
Ulamog, the Infinite Gyre
[from 1889] (mathematics) infinity

References[edit]

^ “無限”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
^ Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙‎^[2], University of Tokyo, page 44
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja in this term
無	限

Noun[edit]

無限 • (muhan) (hangeul 무한)

Hanja form^? of 무한 (“infinity”).

Vietnamese[edit]

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
無	限

Adjective[edit]

無限

chữ Hán form of vô hạn (“infinite; unlimited; boundless”).

[KDJ2-1] “無限”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[2] Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙‎^[2], University of Tokyo, page 44

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-4] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-5] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

無限

Contents

Chinese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Noun[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Inflection[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Noun[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Noun[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Adjective[edit]

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無限

Chinese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Noun[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Inflection[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Noun[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Noun[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Navigation menu

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