爾

See also: 尔 and 尓

Translingual

Etymology

Pictogram (象形) – cloth on a loom, with threads crossing. Used phonetically.

Han character

爾 (radical 89 爻+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一火月大 (MFBK), four-corner 1022₇)

Descendants

• 尔

References

• KangXi: page 691, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19750
• Dae Jaweon: page 1104, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 27, character 1
• Unihan data for U+723E

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Chinese

		-
trad.		爾
simp.		尔

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ěr (er³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄦˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵
• Min Nan (POJ): ní

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: ěr
    • Zhuyin: ㄦˇ
    • Wade-Giles: êrh³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eel
    • IPA ^(key): /ˀɤɻ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji⁵
    • Yale: yíh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵
    • IPA ^(key): /jiː¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní
    • Tâi-lô: ní
    • IPA (Taipei): /ni⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ni⁵³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (爾, reconstructed)
Character (爾), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 日 (38) Final: 支 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 兒氏切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ȵiᴇX/	/ȵʑie̯X/	/ȵieX/	/ȵiɛX/	/ȵiə̆X/	/ȵʑǐeX/	/ȵʑjɛX/

Old Chinese pronunciation (爾, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
爾								ěr								‹ nejX ›								/*nˤ[ə][r]ʔ/								numerous
爾								ěr								‹ nyeX ›								/*n[ə][r]ʔ/								(adv. suffix)
爾								ěr								‹ nyeX ›								/*n[ə][r]ʔ/								you(r)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
爾					2817					爾					歌					2					爾					/*njelʔ/					說文尒聲，甲金文象檷初文，取林義光說

Definitions

爾

1. you
2. that, those
3. final particle
4. used in transliteration

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Japanese

Noun

爾 (hiragana おれ, romaji ore)

1. (archaic, vulgar) you

爾 (hiragana なんじ, romaji nanji)

1. (archaic) thou, you

Interjection

爾 (hiragana しか, romaji shika)

1. (archaic) like that, as such
2. yeah, uh-huh

Kanji

爾

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• On: じ (ji), に (ni)
• Kun: おれ (ore), しか (shika), しかり (shikari), その (sono), なんじ (nanji), のみ (nomi)
• Nanori: あきら (akira), ちか (chika), み (mi), みつる (mitsuru)

Compounds

• 爾来 (jirai): from that time on
• 爾後 (jigo): from this time on

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Korean

Hanja

爾 (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune-Reischauer i, Yale i)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

爾 (nhĩ, nhãi)

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